1. Protein Synthesis

3. Protein Synthesis Synthesis= the process of building or making
RNA= ribonucleic acid
Amino Acids= building blocks of proteins

4. Main Characters
RNA Polymerase = Creates mRNA
Messenger RNA= mRNA is a form of RNA that carries the instructions for making the protein
Codon= three nucleotide sequence
Transfer RNA= tRNA single strands of RNA that temporarily carry a specific amino
Ribosomal RNA= rRNA- reads the mRNA and assembles the protein

5. 1. RNA polymerase binds to the starting spot.
STEP 1: TRANSCRIPTION= making RNA Location: Eukaryotes-nucleus Prokaryotes-cytoplasm
1. RNA polymerase binds to the starting spot.
2. The two DNA strands unwind and separate.
3. Complementary nucleotides are added
Exception: mRNA does not have any Thymine
Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine
A  U T  A G  C C  G

6. 4. mRNA leaves nucleus and enters cytoplasm 5. rRNA reads the mRNA
STEP 2-TRANSLATION- Assembling proteins- in the cytoplasm built by ribosomes
4. mRNA leaves nucleus and enters cytoplasm
5. rRNA reads the mRNA
6. tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome
7. Amino acids continue to attach together until the stop codon and the protein is formed

7. Codon and Anticodon
Codon-found on mRNA Anticodon-found on tRNA

8. DNARNA Protein SUMMARY
Transcription= process of making mRNA from DNA
Translation= mRNA directions are used to make a protein from amino acids
DNARNA Protein
Transcription Translation
Cytoplasm on ribosome
nucleus

9. Video Clips http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvYEqGb7XN8&feature=related

10. DNA
RNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Ribonucleic Acid
Sugar=deoxyribose
Sugar= ribose
Double stranded
Single stranded- a single strand of nucleotides
Nitrogen bases: ATCG
Nitrogen bases: AUCG
U=Uracil

11. DNA Replication
RNA Transcription
DNA polymerase is used.
RNA polymerase is used.
DNA nucleotides are linked.
RNA nucleotides are linked.
A DNA molecule is made.
An RNA molecule is made.
Both DNA strands serve as templates.
Only one part of one strand of DNA ( a gene) is used as a template.

13. Main Characters
___________________: creates mRNA
____________________: is a form of RNA that carries the instructions for making the protein
_______________= three nucleotide sequence
_________________: single strands of RNA that temporarily carry a specific amino
_________________: reads the mRNA and assembles the protein

14. The Protein Synthesis Steps
Transcription:
1. _____________ binds to the starting spot.
2. The two DNA strands ___________________.
3. Complementary ______________ are added
Exception: mRNA does not have any Thymine
____  _____ T  A G  C C  G
Translation
4. _________ leaves nucleus and enters cytoplasm
5. _________ reads the mRNA
6. _________ carries amino acids to the ribosome
7. Amino acids continue to attach together until the _______________and the protein is formed