1. The Origins of the Reformation

2. What causes the Catholic Church to weaken?
                                             
What causes the Catholic Church to weaken?

3. 1) Challenges from kings for power
King taxes clergy.
King Philip IV arrests Pope Boniface VIII for papal bull, Unam Sanctam, which said pope was the only leader of the church.

4. 2) Great Schism A split within the Catholic Church in 1378
Two popes are elected in Rome:
Pope Urban VI (favored by Romans)
Pope Clement VII (favored by French)

5. 3) Corruption within Church
Church collected taxes to support itself
Clergy sold indulgences (certificates for salvation, like “tickets to heaven”)
Church positions often sold to highest bidder

6. Who decides to challenge the Catholic Church for this corruption?
MARTIN LUTHER

7. The Event which begins the Reformation
WHEN:
WHERE:
WHO:
WHAT:
WHY:
WHAT HE CAUSES:
October 31, 1517
Wittenberg, Germany
Martin Luther
Nailed 95 Theses (complaints about church) to church door
To protest corrupt church practices (indulgences) and invite debate among scholars
Reformation – others
challenge the church

8. What is Martin Luther saying?
“Faith is a living, bold trust in God's grace, so certain of God's favor that it would risk death a thousand times trusting in it.”
“I do not accept authority of popes and councils…My conscience is captive to the word of God.”

9. What was Luther’s Main Argument?
JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH =
path to God and heaven
is through faith alone
I believe!

10. Luther studied the Bible and used its scriptures as evidence to prove his 95 theses.
Since his life was in danger, he hid in a castle in Wartburg pretending to be a knight. This is where he continued his studies.

11. Luther translated the Bible into German at Wartburg
Luther translated the Bible into German at Wartburg. He did this so everyday people could read the Bible.

12. Who was another major church reformer during this time?
JOHN CALVIN

13. What is John Calvin saying?
“The whole counsel of God, concerning all things necessary for his own glory, man's salvation, faith, and life, is either expressly set down in Scripture, or by good and necessary consequence may be deduced from Scripture.”

14. What did Calvin teach in Calvinism?
Predestination - God has chosen group of believers for salvation
Devotion to God & reading Bible
Strict code of moral behavior

15. Can you guess what churches were founded by Martin Luther and John Calvin which still exist today?
Lutheran Church
JOHN CALVIN
Calvinist Church
Both are PROTESTANT churches, because they were “protesting” corrupt church practices.