1. New Balkan Nations
Seven Balkan nations which all used to be part of Yugoslavia:
Bosnia & Herzegovina
Croatia
Kosovo
Macedonia
Montenegro
Serbia
Slovenia

2. Learning Targets I will…
Have a working knowledge of the history of the Balkan Nations.
Analyze the reasons why Yugoslavia broke up into seven separate countries.
Be able to explain what happened in Sarajevo and Kosovo that resulted in significant bloodshed and life lost.

3. Yugoslavia
What empires did Yugoslavia belong to prior to its initial independence?
Created after what war?
What leader emerged as President upon Yugoslavia’s formation of a new nation?
What happened when he died?
What two regions of Yugoslavia first began to pull away and seek independence?

4. Tito, the Benevolent Dictator
Yugoslavia
Josip Broz Tito: Establishes a communist government, but not associated with the USSR (neutrality)
Kept strict control of the six republics and two regions (Kosovo & Vojvodina): used secret police and censorship
Upon his death in 1980, Yugoslavia begins to crumble
Tito, the Benevolent Dictator

5. Yugoslavia Dissolves 1991: Slovenia & Croatia declare independence
1992: Macedonia declares independence
1992: Bosnia & Herzegovina declare independence
Civil war breaks out – Sarajevo the capital is the best demonstration of the violence that occurs
1992: Serbia & Montenegro = new Yugoslavia with Slobodan Milosevic as leader

6. Sarajevo Before & After War

7. Sarajevo Before & After War

8. Sarajevo Before & After War

9. Sarajevo Before & After War

10. Sarajevo Before & After War

11. Slobodan Milosovic Very militant in his leadership
President from 1989 to 1997
In Kosovo civil war breaks out
Uprisings occur in Belgrade (capital)

12. Slobodan Milosevic
Milosevic developed a plan for a Serb-only state (similar to what Hitler tried to do in Germany).
1000s of non-Serbs in Yugoslavia disappeared.
Many killed; bodies discovered in mass graves throughout Croatia, Bosnia, and Kosovo.
800,000 fired from their jobs and kicked out their homes

13. Kosovo
Most ethnic Albanians, Turks, Bosniaks, and Gorani are Muslim (make up most of Kosovo’s population!

14. Slobodan Milosevic
October 2000, the people of Yugoslavia voted Milosevic out of office ( )
Turned over to the United Nations and tried War Crimes and Genocide
Died before trial ended

16. Yugoslavia Dissolves 6. 2006: Montenegro declares independence
: Kosovo declaration of independence

17. Yugoslavia Breaks Up!
Differences in language, religion, and ethnicity caused the break-up
Kosovo: tensions between Christian Serbs and Islamic Albanians results in ethnic cleansing.

18. Religions in Former Yugoslavia

19. Yugoslavia
Croatia     
Slovenia    
Serbia and Montenegro  
 Republika Srpska  
Republic of Serbian Krajina
 Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina      
Macedonia    
Slovenia