1. European
Exploration

2. IN THE MIDDLE AGES EUROPEAN COUNTRIES EXPANDED BEYOND THEIR BORDERS
AFTER EUROPE WAS INTRODUCED TO THE SPICES AND RICHES OF AFRICA AND ASIA; SEVERAL COUNTRIES DESIRED A MORE DIRECT ROUTE SINCE THE TRADE ROUTES AND PRICES WERE CONTROLLED BY OTHERS. SPAIN, PORTUGAL, ENGLAND, FRANCE, AND THE NETHERLANDS BEGAN SEARCHING FOR NEW ROUTES VIA THE OCEAN.
SEARCHING FOR A SHORTCUT

3. PRINCE HENRY THE NAVIGATOR
1400s
Started the Portuguese School of Navigation
Navigators begin to explore the West African Coast
Age of Discovery Begins

4. NEW TECHNOLOGY: COMPASS GLOBE RUDDER
IMPROVED SHIPBUILDING TECHNIQUES AND DESIGN (Caravel)
QUADRANT (IMPROVED ABILITY TO DETERMINE LATITUDE BASED ON ALTITUDE OF STARS)
MAPS FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES
MARCO POLO’S WRITINGS
1543 GLOBE

5. God, Gold, and Glory EUROPEAN EXPANSION REASONS FOR WEALTH MORE
Christianity
SPREAD
TERRITORY
TRADE
EXPAND
THE WORLD
EXPLORE
God, Gold, and Glory

6. PORTUGUESE EXPLORATION
THE PORTUGUESE HAD SAILED THE ROUTE AROUND AFRICA AND THEREFORE DOMINATED THE EASTERN ROUTE TO ASIA.
Da Gama - Passage around Africa to India
Dias - Passage around southern tip of Africa

7. AT THE TIME MAPS OF THE WORLD DID NOT INCLUDE THE AMERICAS.
SPANISH EXPLORATION
CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, AN ITALIAN NAVIGATOR, CONVINCED THE KING AND QUEEN OF SPAIN TO FUND AN EXPEDITION TO FIND A WESTERN ROUTE TO THE RICHES OF ASIA.
AT THE TIME MAPS OF THE WORLD DID NOT INCLUDE THE AMERICAS.

8. SPAIN LED THE EXPLORATION OF THE AMERICAS
COLUMBUS LANDS IN THE BAHAMAS
VESPUCCI EXPLORES CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA
BALBOA PACIFIC OCEAN
de LEON DISCOVERS AND NAMES FLORIDA
CORTEZ CONQUERS AZTEC
MAGELLAN PHILIPPINES; CIRCUMNAVIGATES THE WORLD
de VACA TEXAS
PIZARRO CONQUERS INCA
CORONADO NEW MEXICO AND ARIZONA
De SOTO SOUTHEAST AND MISSISSIPPI RIVER
CABRILLO CALIFORNIA COAST

9. TREATY OF TORDESILLAS
IN 1493, POPE ALEXANDER VI GAVE SPAIN ALL LANDS DISCOVERED WEST OF THE 38˚W PARALLEL AND ALL LANDS DISCOVERED EAST OF IT TO PORTUGAL. THIS MADE PORTUGAL ANGRY AND A NEW LINE OF DEMARCATION WAS NEGOTIATED AT 46˚W, WHICH ALLOWED PORTUGAL TO GAIN LANDS IN SOUTH AMERICA.

10. SPAIN CONTROLLED MOST OF SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA, MUCH OF THE CARIBBEAN, AND PARTS OF NORTH AMERICA. HOWEVER, TERRITORY THAT LARGE WAS DIFFICULT TO CONTROL, AND WAS OPEN TO ATTACK. OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES HAD SEEN THE RICHES BROUGHT BACK BY SPAIN (Especially in Central and South America) AND WERE EAGER TO STAKE THEIR OWN CLAIM!

11. FRENCH EXPLORATION
VERRAZZANO NEW YORK
CARTIER SAINT LAWRENCE RIVER
De CHAMPLAIN QUEBEC, CANADA

12. THE FRENCH
ALTHOUGH THE FRENCH TRIED TO SETTLE IN FLORIDA, THEY WERE STOPPED BY THE SPANISH
INITIALLY THE FRENCH FISHED IN THE ATLANTIC FOR COD AND SALMON, BUT FUR TRADING YIELDED BIGGER PROFITS
THE FUR-TRADE BROUGHT FEW SETTLERS AT FIRST, BUT BY THE MID 1600s, THE FRENCH CONTROLLED THE INTERIOR OF NORTH AMERICA AND THE FUR- TRADE BECAME THEIR MOST PRODUCTIVE AND PROFITABLE RESOURCE

13. BRITISH EXPLORATION
CABOT CANADA; NEW FOUNDLAND
DRAKE SAILS AROUND THE WORLD
RALEIGH ROANOKE, VA
HUDSON HUDSON RIVER