1. The Silent Way
Reporter: N98C0010
邱稚嵐

2. The Silent Way---Background
Devised by Galeb Gattegno
An educational designer of reading
and mathematics programs
It was first introduced in his book in 1972-
Teaching Foreign Languages in Schools: The Silent Way
He was skeptical of the mainstream language education of the time.

3. The Silent Way---Learning Hypotheses
Learning is facilitated
if the learner discovers or creates
by physical objects
by problem solving

4. The Silent Way---Approach
Pronunciation is seen as fundamental.
Functional and versatile words are chosen.
Grammar is taught inductively.
Structural approach is taken.
Successful learning is through the use of silent awareness and the active trial.
The learning process proceeds from attention, production, self-correction, and absorption.

5. The Silent Way---Design
Objectives:
For beginning-level students to gain
oral and aural facility in the basic elements of the target language.
near-native fluency in the target language, correct pronunciation, and basic practical knowledge of the grammar.

6. The Silent Way---Design
Syllabus:
Structural syllabus is adopted.
Lessons are planned around grammatical items and related vocabulary.
Language items are introduced according to their grammatical complexity.

7. The Silent Way---Design
Learning activities:
The teacher models a word, phrase, or sentence and then elicits learner responses.
(Teacher modeling is minimal.)
Learners then go on to create their own utterances by putting together old and new information.

8. The Silent Way---Design
Learner roles:
Learners are expected to
develop independence, autonomy, and responsibility;
self-correct through their awareness;
learn to work cooperatively.

9. The Silent Way---Design
Teacher roles:
Teachers are expected to
be silent;
use nonverbal clues to teach;
evaluate learners soon after teaching (no formal test);
silently monitor learners’ interactions.

10. The Silent Way---Design
Materials:
Cuisenaire rods

11. The Silent Way---Design
sound-color charts

12. The Silent Way---Design
Fidel charts

13. The Silent Way---Design
word charts

14. The Silent Way---Procedure
Sound color chart
Cuisenaire rod

15. The Silent Way---Advantages
It raises students’ participation.
Learners cooperate to help each other.
Learners discover the language on their own, so they can memorize it better.
Learners can make use of materials provided by the teacher.

16. The Silent Way---Disadvantages
The atmosphere in the class may seem abstract and weird.
Learners may have difficulty deriving new concepts.
The process of self-correction is time-consuming.
The guidance which learners need is far beyond what the teacher can provide.
Teaching materials are necessary.