1. Industrial Revolution In England
This presentation will help explain why the Industrial Revolution began in England (Great Britain)

2. Industrial Revolution
The Dawn
Of the
Industrial Revolution

3. A Change from Agriculture to Industry

4. For a very long time, most people worked the land and were farmers
For a very long time, most people worked the land and were farmers. They grew what they needed and if they were lucky , they had a little left over to barter or sell for goods they couldn’t raise.

5. Farmers could not raise sugar or vanilla nor could they make things like kettles, swords, tools, or silverware. These were the items they would barter or buy if they had extra crops to sell.

6. For many centuries,
goods like kettles
were made by
artisans who lived in
their own home or
had small shops in
town.

7. A blacksmith was an example of an artisan that would live in each village or on each manor.

8. Many people would work in their homes and this way of production is known as the cottage or domestic industry.

9. Industrial Revolution
Reasons:

10. The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain in the late 1700’s

11. Reasons
Improved farming methods increased the food supply and had three results:
Food prices went down and families had more money for other goods.

12. Reason two
Farmers needed less workers and people began to move to the cities in search of jobs.

13. Reason Three
More food usually means an increase in the population.

14. Reason Four
Great Britain and here colonies were rich in natural resources

15. One such resource was coal. Cotton was an important crop for G. Britain.

16. Young men were searching for ways to invest money and make a profit
Young men were searching for ways to invest money and make a profit. All were looking for an idea to make their fortune.
These men became known as entrepreneurs.

17. Young men like Edmund Cartwright became entrepreneurs
Young men like Edmund Cartwright became entrepreneurs. Cartwright invented a water powered loom. This allow a great amount of cloth to be made in a short period of time. Suddenly weaving and the making of textiles became a large-scale factory based industry.

18. What were the English making in their first factories?
Textiles

19. James Watt
James Watt, a Scottish engineer, improved the steam engine so it would drive machinery.

20. The advances in cotton textile manufacturing required coal for fuel and iron for the new machinery.

21. The increase in coal and iron mining required improvements in transportation: and the transportation requirements in turn brought about the development of railroads and steamships.

22. By the end of the eighteenth century, the world’s first industrial revolution was underway.

23. Cotton cloth was Great Britain’s most valuable product
Cotton cloth was Great Britain’s most valuable product. Cotton goods were sold all over the world.
Britain got its cotton from its colonies. Later it would buy it from the US and other nations.

24. New types of jobs included
Try and guess what they were. You can write them on the Smart Board. Later you can see if you were correct.

25. New Jobs
Building railroads

26. New Jobs
Factory workers

27. New Jobs
Miners

28. New Jobs
House keepers

29. New Jobs
Iron worker

30. Working Conditions Long Hours 12 to 16 hours a day
Steel workers worked seven days a week. Other workers worked six days.
Miners worked 14 out of 15 days.

31. Working Conditions No vacation No sick leave
No unemployment compensation
No reimbursement for injuries
Unsafe working conditions

32. Working Conditions
By 1830, children and women made up 2/3’s of the cotton industry’s workforce.

33. Let’s Review There are four factors of production Land Labor Capital
Entrepreneurs

34. Labor
People who do the work and are paid a wage

35. Land
Land includes all the natural resources and energy found in an area.

36. Capital
Capital is the factories, machinery, tools, and cash that purchased those items.

37. Entrepreneur
A person who uses their ideas and money to create a new business.

38. What type of economy did Great Britain operate under?
Capitalism or a Market Economy.
A Market Economy is an economic system in which decisions are made by individuals who act as buyers and sellers without any government interference.
Lassez Faire

39. Great Britain needed colonies to provide a market and the raw materials for its Industrial Revolution

40. By 1870, these nations would also industrialize.
Great Britain
Germany
France
United States