1. Earth Science Intro
Pg 2-3, 7-9, 16-17, 85

2. Pre-Teach Vocabulary
Earth Science – the name for the group of sciences that deals with Earth and its neighbors in space
Geology – study of Earth, its form and composition, and the changes it has undergone and is undergoing
Oceanography – study of the oceans
Meteorology – study of the atmosphere (weather and climate)
Astronomy – study of the universe

3. Vocabulary continued…
Hydrosphere – all water on earth (puddles, rain, ocean, etc)
Atmosphere – the gas surrounding Earth
Geosphere – rock, dirt, dust, sand (crust, mantle, core)
Biosphere – all life on Earth

4. 4 Spheres..

5. More vocab…
10. Weather Satellites – measures temperature of atmosphere and seawater 11. Navigation Satellites – helps ships find exact location 12. Landsat Satellites – gives data on Earth’s landmasses, coastal boundaries 13. GPS – gives latitude, longitude, and altitude 14. VLBI – tracks movement of Earth’s crust using radio waves 15. Carbon Cycle – one of Earth’s biogeochemical cycles that describes the movement of carbon throughout the spheres

6. Overview of Earth Science
Earth science is the name for the group of sciences that deals with Earth and its neighbors in space
1. Geology
Geochemistry
Geophysics
Geobiology
Paleontology
2. Oceanography
3. Meteorology
4. Astronomy

7. Geology Means “study of earth” Two areas of geology
1. Physical geology – examining the materials that make up Earth and possible explanations for the processes that shape our planet
ex) Geochemistry- what are rocks made of and how are they changed?
2. Historical geology – understanding Earth’s long history
ex) Paleontology- ancient environments and animals (fossils).

8. Oceanography Study of the ocean composition and movement of seawater
What is seawater made of? Does it move?
coastal processes
Do coastlines change? What could change them?
seafloor topography
Is the sea floor flat?
marine life
- What type of animals live in the ocean?

9. Meteorology
Study of the atmosphere and the processes that produce weather and climate
What causes thunderstorms?
- Why do we have seasons?

10. Astronomy Study of the universe (planets, stars, galaxies, etc.)
-Why do we care about outer space?
Hubble telescope took pic on L – the spot on the lens that took the pic was as small as Lincoln’s eye on a penny

11. 4 Spheres of Geology Hydrosphere – all water on the planet.
Atmosphere – gases around Earth
Geosphere – aka lithosphere – core, mantle, and crust
Biosphere – all life on Earth

12. We are stardust…
rnhuSg

13. Technology pg 16-17
Why?
Gives us ability to more precisely analyze Earth’s physical properties. Technology makes things possible and easier.
Remote sensing – satellites giving us data from a distance
GPS – Global Positioning Systems
Ships, planes, cars, wildlife, earthquakes, erosion
Study rivers, oceans, fires, pollution, natural resources
GPS – ships, planes, people (location, speed, direction), studying wildlife, earthquakes, erosion
Negative technology? Loss of privacy

14. Satellites Weather Satellites – Navigation Satellites –
Temperature of atmosphere, seawater
Cloud cover
Scan Earth’s surface in 24 hours
Navigation Satellites –
Help ships and submarines find exact location
Landsat Satellites –
Data and pictures of Earth’s landmasses, coastal boundaries, coral reefs.
Weather - Locate distress signals
Landsat- Pictures go to ground stations around the world
Orbit Earth every 99 minutes and complete 14 orbits per day
Total coverage of Earth in 16 days

15. Technology cont. GPS – Global positioning system
Gives latitude, longitude, and elevation
VLBI – Very Long Baseline Interferometry
Uses antennas to receive radio waves
Used to measure the geosphere
Tectonic plate movement and other movements of Earth’s crust
GPS – uses three different satellites for triangulation to find location & uses 4th satellite to find exact position

16. Technology Pro’s and Con’s
Describe a time that technology helped you. Describe a time that technology caused you trouble. Does technology ever invade our privacy? Should scientists continue to create new types of technology? Why or why not?

17. Carbon Cycle pg 85
Is a biogeochemical cycle – matter and energy move through the Earth system in a series of steps. What does that mean?
At each step, carbon is stored for a period of time in a “reservoir” or part of Earth’s system
EX: atmosphere, ocean, biomass, fossil fuel, and carbonate rock
May be there for an organism’s lifetime OR millions of years in coal

18. Carbon Cycle

19. Common Carbon Reservoirs
Atmosphere - carbon dioxide or CO2
Ocean – calcite (CaCO3) in shells and skeletons of marine animals
Biomass – living organisms
Fossil fuels – start as remains of dead organisms  coal, oil, natural gas
Carbonate rock – rocks with carbonate ions (CO2-3) (limestone)

20. Movement of Carbon Photosynthesis – atmosphere  biosphere
Respiration – biosphere  atmosphere
Volcanoes – geosphere  atmosphere
Burning biomass – biosphere  atmosphere
Burial of biomass – biosphere  geosphere
Deposit carbonate sediment – hydrosphere  geosphere
Weathering of rock – geosphere  hydrosphere
Burning fossil fuels – geosphere  atmosphere

21. Why is the carbon cycle so important to our lives?
Why do we care about the carbon cycle? If carbon didn’t move throughout the spheres, would that matter to us?

22. Carbon Cycle Game
Carbon Cycle Game
Follow the path!!!