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LAVA FLOW—A SILENT VOLCANIC HAZARD IN HAWAII Thursday, October 30, 2014 lecture by Walter Hays Uploading date: November 01, 2014 Updated on November.

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Presentation on theme: "LAVA FLOW—A SILENT VOLCANIC HAZARD IN HAWAII Thursday, October 30, 2014 lecture by Walter Hays Uploading date: November 01, 2014 Updated on November."— Presentation transcript:

1 LAVA FLOW—A SILENT VOLCANIC HAZARD IN HAWAII Thursday, October 30, 2014
lecture by Walter Hays Uploading date: November 01, Updated on November 11, 2014 More lectures at Disasters Supercourse -  PPT original - Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA 

2 LAVA FLOW MOVING AT 5 M PER HOUR TOWARDS PAHOA

3 WHAT HAS HAPPENED? The lava from Kilauea, a non-explosive volcano, that has been erupting for years, emerged from a vent in June. Traveling slowly, it entered Pahoa on Oct. 26, when it crossed a country road at the edge of town.

4 Thursday, October 30, 2014

5 LAVA FLOW FROM KILAUEA CONTINUES ITS ADVANCE TOWARD PAHOA

6 PAHOA HAWAII A contingent of National Guard troops was dispatched to Pahoa on Thursday, October 30, to provide security to the Big Island community that was being threatened by the slow-moving river of molten lava creeping slowly towards the town's center.

7 WHAT HAPPENED? The leading edge of the molten rock stalled at the edge of town on Oct. 30, but lava began to break away at several other upslope spots.. Between October 30 and November 10, the flow smothered part of a cemetery, and burned down a garden shed, tires, some metal materials, and vegetation.

8 Monday, November 10, 2014

9 LAVA FLOW ARRIVES AND SETS FIRE TO FIRST HOUSE

10 WHAT HAPPENED? The molten rock set fire to the first house in Pahoa around midday on Monday, November 10th . The house was allowed to burn as firefighters took actions to prevent its spread to other houses. The home's occupants had already left the residence.

11 WHAT IS NEXT? Officials are working on safe evacuation routes and plans. Many residents have evacuated. Having put their belongings in storage, others are prepared to leave for a friend’s house, or elsewhere, if necessary when the lava gets closer.

12 BACKGROUND

13 ELEMENTS OF VOLCANIC HAZARDS AND RISK

14 ELEMENTS OF RISK HAZARDS EXPOSURE RISK VULNERABILITY LOCATION

15 VOLCANOES PART OF THE PACIFIC “RING OF FIRE,” JAPAN HAS ACTIVE VOLCANOES AS A RESULT OF COMPLEX SUBDUCTION OF THE PACIFIC PLATE BENEATH THE EURASIAN PLATE

16 100 OF THE WORLD’S 1,500 ACTIVE VOLCANOES ARE IN JAPAN

17 LATERAL BLAST PYROCLASTIC FLOWS FLYING DEBRIS ASH PLUME AND GASES
CAUSES OF RISK LATERAL BLAST PYROCLASTIC FLOWS FLYING DEBRIS VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS ASH PLUME AND GASES LAVA FLOWS CASE HISTORIES LAHARS TOXIC GASES

18 VOLCANO HAZARDS CAN HAVE FAR REACHING IMPACTS
VERTICAL PLUME (can affect jet aircraft) ASH AND TEPHRA LATERAL BLAST PYROCLASTIC CLOUDS, BURSTS, AND FLOWS

19 VOLCANO HAZARDS CAN HAVE FAR REACHING IMPACTS
LAVA FLOWS LAHARS (can bury villages) EARTHQUAKES (related to movement of lava) “VOLCANIC WINTER” (causing famine and mass extinctions)

20 THE REASONS FOR DISASTERS TO OCCUR. . .
The community is UN-PREPARED for what will likely happen, not to mention the low-probability of occurrence—high-probability of adverse consequences event.

21 THE REASONS ARE . . . The community has NO DISASTER PLANNING SCENARIO or WARNING SYSTEM in place as a strategic framework for early threat identification and coordinated local, national, regional, and international countermeasures.

22 THE REASONS ARE . . . The community LACKS THE CAPACITY TO RESPOND in a timely and effective manner to the full spectrum of expected and unexpected emergency situations.

23 THE REASONS ARE . . . The community is INEFFICIENT during recovery and reconstruction because it HAS NOT LEARNED from either the current experience or the cumulative prior experiences.

24 THE KEYS TO RESILIENCE: 1) KNOW THE ERUPTIVE HISTORY OF YOUR REGION’S VOLCANOES, 2) BE PREPARED 3) HAVE A WARNING SYSTEM 4) EVACUATE 5) LEARN FROM THE EXPERIENCE AND START OVER

25 GOAL: VOLCANO DISASTER RESILIENCE
VOLCANO HAZARDS PEOPLE & BLDGS. VULNERABILITY LOCATION VOLCANO RISK ACCEPTABLE RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK RISK GOAL: VOLCANO DISASTER RESILIENCE HAWAII’S COMMUNITIES DATA BASES AND INFORMATION PREPAREDNESS PROTECTION EARLY WARNING EMERGENCY RESPONSE RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION POLICY OPTIONS HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

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