1. The endocrine system

2. Major structures
Adrenal glands-----adren/o
Gonads ----gonad/o
Pancreatic islets---- pancreat/o
Paratheroid glands ----paratheroid/o
Pineal gland pinal/o
Pituitary gland ---- pituit/o, pituitary/o.
Thymus ---- thym/o
Thyroid---- thyr/o, thyroid/o

3. The functions of the endocrine system
Regulate the Electrolytes level, influence metabolism, and respond to stress .(Adrenal gland)
Regulate the development and the maintenance of secondary sex characteristics .( Gonad gland)
Control blood sugar levels and glucose metabolism. (Pancreatic gland)
Regulate calcium level through the body. (Parathyroid gland)
Influence the sleep- wakefulness cycle. (Pineal gland)

4. 6. Control the activity of the other endocrine glands
6. Control the activity of the other endocrine glands. (pituitary gland)
7. Plays a major role in the immune reaction ( Thymus gland)
8. Stimulate metabolism, growth and activity of the nervous system. (Thyroid gland)

5. The structures of the endocrine system
One pituitary gland
(two lobs).
One thyroid gland
Four parathyroid glands
Two adrenal gland
One pancreas
One pineal gland
Two gonads (ovaries in females, testes in males)

6. Medical specialties related to the endocrine system
An endocrinologist: Specializes in diagnosis and treating disease and malfunctions of the endocrine system glands
Diagnosis procedures related to the endocrine system
Urine and blood testing: are used to measure endocrine hormone level.

7. Medical terminology related to endocrine system
Meaning
Hyperpituitarism
Excessive secretion by the anterior lob of pituitary gland
Hypopituitarism
Reduce secretion by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
Hyperthyroid
Excessive thyroid hormone in the blood
goiter
Abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland
hypothyroidism
Deficiency of thyroid secretion
Parathyroid gland
Insufficient or absence secretion of parathyroid gland
hypocalcaemia
Abnormall low level of calcium in the blood
hyperparathyroidism
Over production of the parathyroid gland
Hypercalcemia
Abnormal high concentration of calcium in the blood

8. parathyroidectomy
Surgical removal of one or more of the parathyroid glands
adrenalitis
Inflammation of the adrenal gland
Diabetic ketoacidosis (D.K.A)
Sever insulin deficiency
thymitis
Inflammation of the thymus gland
Thymectomy
Surgical removal of the thymus gland
pinealopathy
Disorder of the pineal gland
pinealectomy
Surgical removal of the pineal body
Hypergonadism
Excessive secretion of hormones by the sex glands
Hypogonadism
Deficient secretion of hormonal by the sex glands