1. Mood Disorders

2. Some mood disorders include…
Clinical Depression
Bi-Polar Disorder
Post Partum Depression
Seasonal Affective Disorder

3. Clinical Depression: What is It?
What is It?
Long lasting feelings of sadness, despair for weeks,
months, or longer. 
Inability to feel joy, hope, passion, satisfaction.
Not necessarily from trauma or loss. 
Experienced by 8 – 18% of population.
Risk Factors
Gender, age, marital status, genetic predisposition, a history of depression
Symptoms
Deep sadness, apathy, fatigue, agitation, sleep disturbances, weight/appetite changes, lack of concentration, feelings of worthlessness, morbid thoughts
Treatment
Medication, counseling, combination of both

4. The Treatment Progression

5. Bi-Polar Disorder: What is It?
Bi-Polar Disorder:
What is It?
Mood shifts from extreme happiness to overwhelming despair, affects men and women equally, typically starts in adolescence or young adults
Risk Factors
Genetic predisposition, risk increases times
Symptoms
Manic Phase- extremely talkative, restless, delusional, racing thoughts, hypersexuality, angry outbursts, lack of concentration
Depressive Phase- abnormally low mood, hopelessness, feelings of guilt, changes in appetite and/or sleep patterns, withdrawal from others, suicidal
Treatment
Medications, counseling, support groups

6. The Many Faces of Bi-Polar
Check out “A-Z of Bi-Polar” on YouTube for a long list of famous people who have lived with Bi-Polar Disorder

8. Seasonal Affective Disorder:
Seasonal Affective Disorder:
What is It?
Depression that occurs with reduced exposure to sunlight because eyes transmit less light energy along the optic nerve and release more melatonin
Risk Factors
Reduced sun exposure
Symptoms
Increased appetite, decreased physical activity, irritability, general depression, symptoms exist primarily during dark, winter months
Treatment
Light therapy, exposure to natural sunlight whenever possible, exercise

9. How to treat S.A.D.

10. Post-Partum Depression:
Post-Partum Depression:
What is It?
Overwhelming depression that may last for several months after birth of baby.  Affects 10 – 15% of new moms.
Risk Factors
Stress, isolation, decrease in estrogen and endorphins
Symptoms
Deep sadness, frequent crying, insomnia, fatigue, irritability, fear of harming the baby, over concern for the baby, appetite and sleep disturbances, memory loss, lack of interest in baby
Treatment
Support groups, antidepressant medications, estrogen therapy

11. Post Partum Depression
Actress Gwyneth Paltrow

13. Anxiety Disorders

14. Some anxiety disorders include…
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Panic Attacks
Post Traumatic Stress Disorders

15. Phobia:
What is It?
Excessive fear of certain objects, situations, or people where the fear in not in proportion with the level of danger.
Risk Factors
May run in families; strike more than 1 in 10 people.  Usually first appears in adolescence or adulthood
Symptoms
Extreme avoidance of the object of fear, panic attacks, heart palpitations, extreme stress symptoms
Treatment
Cognitive Behavioral therapy,
relaxation and breathing exercises,
Exposure therapy

16. So many phobias….

17. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:
What is It?
Urgent need to repeat a thought or action.  The obsessions are the disturbing thoughts, the compulsions are rituals or behavior that is performed to try to prevent or reduce the obsessive thoughts.
Risk Factors
Disorder that affects men and women equally, 1 in 50 often show up in teens, early adulthood. 
Symptoms
Obsessions-uncontrollable thoughts or impulses occur repeatedly
Compulsions-performed behaviors or rituals to control disturbing thoughts
Treatment
Cognitive behavior therapy (exposure and response prevention)

18. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

20. Genetic, brain chemistry, poor coping skills, more common in women
Generalized Anxiety Disorder:
What is It?
Reoccurring state of anxiety, fear and tenseness, much more than the normal anxiety people experience day to day, nothing seems to provoke it.
Risk Factors
Genetic, brain chemistry, poor coping skills, more common in women
Symptoms
Diagnosed when someone spends at least 6 months worrying excessively about a number of everyday problems.  Physical symptoms may include: headaches, muscle tension, irritability, sweating, nausea, frequent urination
Treatment
Medication, cognitive-behavior therapy, relaxation techniques, often diminishes with age

21. General Anxiety Disorder

22. Antidepressants and anxiety reducing
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder:
What is It?
After effects of a past event keeping a person from living in a normal way.  May relate to terrifying past experience i.e. rape, shooting, natural disaster
Symptoms
Reliving the trauma in the form of nightmares, flashbacks, disturbing recollections, sleep problems, depression, feeling detached/ numb, may occur weeks, months, years after event.
Treatment
Antidepressants and anxiety reducing
medications, CBT 

23. PTSD
RAPE

24. How Anxiety Effects the Brain

25. Schizophrenia

26. Schizophrenia is a thought disorder…

27. Schizophrenia: A Thought Disorder
What is it?
Not a split personality, but a split with reality
People often think illogically & have false perception of reality
Most hear voices and have visual hallucinations
Risk Factors
May be the result of physical illness and genetics
Viruses, brain chemistry & birth trauma may play a role
Symptoms
Paranoia is a common symptom, believe outside sources are trying to control them
Treatment
No known cure, but highly treatable with medication (anti-psychotics)
Non-treatment (about 40%of the cases) can often lead to suicide, homelessness, jail, victimization by others

28. http://www. youtube. com/watch. v=f4R6jln_eZghttp://www. youtube

29. http://www. youtube. com/watch. v=ZHpKvmTJOhAhttp://www. youtube

30. Dementia: A Cognitive Disorder

31. Dementia: A Cognitive Disorder
 What is it?
Decline of reasoning, memory and other mental abilities. 
Risk Factors
Aging: 1% of people age 60-64, 30-50% of people over 85
May also be caused by some diseases and infections, head injuries,
drugs, stress and nutritional deficiencies
Symptoms
Difficulty finding words to use, forgetting names, appointments,
Performing familiar tasks, confusion, mood swings
Treatment
Best to try to prevent rather than treat, includes good nutrition, stress reduction techniques, brain puzzles,
reading,  problem solving experiences