1. Limiting the Monarchy & The English Civil War
5.5

2. Long term English Problems:
Little money in the treasury
Large debt left by Queen Elizabeth I
Religious struggles (Catholic, Puritan, Anglican)
Power struggles with Parliament
Elizabeth dies (1603) & Scotland’s king, James Stuart becomes King of England.
King of both England & Scotland.
Died in 1625 – replaced by his son, Charles I

4. King Charles I England at war with Spain & France = in need of money.
Dissolved Parliament when they would not grant funds.
Forced to sign Petition of Rights (1628).
Protected the basic rights of English men.
Mostly ignored by Charles.
Issued many fees and fines throughout the nation = not popular

5. Issues with Religion
Charles would not reform the Anglican church – Angered Puritans
Tried to force Presbyterian Scots to accept Anglican church.
Caused a large Scottish rebellion.
Forced Charles to call Parliament to ask for money.

6. Tension Builds 1641 – Parliament passes a law that limits royal power
In return, Charles tries to have Parliament’s leaders arrested.
Londoners created a mob outside of the palace.
Charles escapes to loyal northern England.

7. English Civil War (1642 – 1649)
Loyalists (royals/cavaliers) vs puritan & parliament supporters
Puritan leader = Oliver Cromwell
Skilled leader that leads the Puritans to success.
Becomes leader of England after the war
King Charles was captured & brought to trial for treason.
Found guilty and publically beheaded.
First time a monarch was publically executed**
Brutal War – hundreds of thousands killed.
Majorly influenced those who lived through it.

8. Cromwell’s Rule
Created a commonwealth (democracy) & dissolved Parliament.
Drafted a Constitution!! 
Tore it up and became a military dictator 
Had to put down Irish rebellions.
Wanted to reform & purify society.
No theater, sports or dancing.
Did support religious toleration (except for Catholics)

9. Return to Monarchy Cromwell dies (1658)
Government collapses & Parliament is selected.
Charles II is selected to rule.
Restored the monarchy = restoration period
Passed the Habeas Corpus Act
Guaranteed prisoners the right to be told their charges and a trial.