1. Brings her home to Venezuela
Simone Bolivar
Tragic Love Story
17 years old
Goes to Europe
Falls in love with
Maria Teresa
Waits to Marry her
Brings her home to Venezuela

2. Simone Bolivar Maria Teresa caught Yellow Fever Died! Bolivar is 20
Sad and restless
Goes back to Europe
France Italy

3. Simone Bolivar Above Rome Religious Shrine
“I Swear by the God of my Fathers and the honor of my country.
I will not rest, not in body or soul,
till I have broken the chains of Spain.”

4. Failed Rebellion
Simone Bolivar Returned home – Creole Farmer
Revolution was in the air
Francisco de Miranda
First to try for Venezuela Independence
He had fought in the French Revolution – General
Traveled to US – Met Washington, Franklin & Jefferson

5. Failed Rebellion February 1806 Miranda arrives with 3 ships / 150 men
Got two ships from Santo Domingo (Haiti) one ship from Barbados (England)
Spanish new he was coming
He lost two ships and 60 men
Returned to Barbados… British gave him more ships – tried again
Failed – No local support (Creoles)

6. First Venezuelan Republic
1808 – Spain falls to France
By 1810 – Conspirators meeting
Threw out highest ranking Spaniard
Sent Bolivar to Britain for help – no money – brought back Miranda (now 60)
July 5, 1811 Declared Independence
Royalists & Spanish Troops
Began fighting – Early Victories

7. First Venezuelan Republic
No overwhelming support for new government or rebesl
Mirand / Bolivar argued
Bolivar supported by Creols
Miranda’s strength – Indians & Mestizos
March 26, 1812
Earth Shakes
20,000 dead – most of the rebel army
Archbishop – Message from God
Began fighting – Early Victories

8. First Venezuelan Republic
Miranda negotiates w/ Spaniards
Bolivar – said he was being disloyal – turned him over to the Spanish
Miranda died 4 years later in a Spanish prison
Spanish let Bolivar and his officers leave the country
Bolivar goes to New Grenada
Joins Rebels – Becomes a general
Convinces – lead an army back into Venzuela

9. War to the Death
Bolivar “Those executioners who call themselves our enemies have broken international law…But the victims will be avenged and these executioners exterminated. Our hatred knows no bounds, a and the war shall be to the death!”
Venezuelans – no longer remain undecided.
“Am I for independence or am I for Spain?”
Marched through Venezuela to Caracas
The war was not over!
Convinces – lead an army back into Venzuela

10. War to the Death Llanos – llaneros Organized royalist army
Cowboys – Horseback – long lances with knives strapped to the end

11. Defeated Bolivar – chased him back to New Grenada
War to the Death
Jose Tomas Boves
Leader of the llaneros
The most bloodthirsty / ruthless leader in all the wars for Independence.
No mercy… no prisoners
Execution
Defeated Bolivar – chased him back to New Grenada

12. Retreat to Haiti
11000 Spanish soldiers arrive in New Grenada to put down the rebellion
Bolivar escapes to Haiti
Petion – Haitian President
Supports Bolivar – wants 2 things
Recognize Haiti’s Government
Bolivar must free all slaves
Leaves with 200 soldiers – 7 ships

13. Return to Venezuela Llaneros – now unhappy
Bolivar sails up the Orinoco – gets llaneros to join his army (1817)
Also gets 4000 British volunteers
Heads to Bogota!
In the Andes - Bolivar crosses the Andes with his army to sneak attack – difficult!
Hooves of the horses rotted
“seven days we marched in water up to our waists.”
Floods, quicksand, disease!

14. Bogota! Crossing the Andes –
Horses died – Lost hundreds of men – had to leave the artillery
Bolivar Surprises the Spanish army – Battle of Boyaca
Takes Bogota and main Spanish Army
Sets up a government… leaves a General in charge
Returned to Venezuela

15. Venezuela Teams up with new llanero chieftain Jose Antonio Paez
Battle of Carabado
June 28, Bolivar marches into Caracas
Venezuela’s Independence was won!

16. Bolivar’s Dream Admired the United States
Wanted the United States of South America
United New Grenada and Venezuela – Gran Colombia
Constitution 1821
Bolivar – First President
Time to head south to Quito & Lima

17. Bolivar’s Dream
Jose Antonio Sucre – May 24, 1822 Defeats the Spanish forces and liberates Ecuador
Jose de San Martin – fighting since 1813 – Liberate Southern South America – by 1821 in Lima fighting the Spanish
Bolivar Meets San Martin – the two don’t agree
Bolivar goes to Lima in 1823 – Peruvians do not trust him – He stays in Lima to keep control
Sends Sucre after the Spanish Army

18. Bolivar’s Dream December 9, 1824 – Peru is freed from Spanish Rule
Only upper Peru remained
Bolivar liberates them… they want to be independent – name their new country Bolivia after Bolivar - He writes a constitution for them.

19. End of Bolivars Dream Brought Liberty to most of South America
Lima – Peruvians were setting up an independent nation
Gran Colombia – conflicts
Rebellion in Venezuela
Unhappiness in Colombia
Bolivar is sick – Tuberculosis – fatal
Became dictatorial as a ruler
1830 Gran Colombia broke up into three: Veenzuela, Colombia & Ecuador

20. End of Bolivars Dream Near death and discourage – resigns as President
Planned to leave for Europe
Arrives in costal city Santa Marta
Finds out his friend General Sucre was killed
heartbroken
Cancels his trip
Dies in December 1830
Last words –”Let us go!... Let us go! – the people do not want us in this land!”