1. List three reasons why Americans love George Washington.

3. Bolivar – the Facts Spanish ruled most of South America Creole, Bolivar, freed most of the northern area of South America General that led revolution to free Venezuela in 1810 which took until 1819 to defeat the Spanish in Colombia, Peru, Ecuador Became president of the new nation of Great Colombia Dreamed of a uniting all colonies of South America into one great nation …not happen His Great Colombia became the nations of Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela

4. DOM PEDRO

5. Dom Pedro – the Facts Son of King John VI of Portugal- Social Class Peninsulare Grew up on the Portuguese colony of Brazil Ruled colony of Brazil but ruled for the people of Brazil (NOT Portugal) Portugal tried to regain Brazil, but Pedro called for independence He refused to return to Portugal, sided with the Brazilians, ordered Portuguese troops out of Brazil, and declared Brazil independent He sent his wife and kids to the countryside while troops fought (not a real war for independence) Portugal gave Brazil independence in 1825 and Pedro ruled until 1831 Forced to give up his position because his people didn’t like that lost land to Argentina in a war (Uruguay) and thought he was not a good leader He returned to Portugal

6. SAN MARTIN

7. San Martin – the Facts Creole leader from Argentina which was free in 1816 Spain controlled Chile and Peru and San Martin was afraid Argentina would fall again He organized an army and crossed the Andes Mountains attacking the Spanish in Santiago, Chile in 1817 By 1821 he moved the army to Peru and chased the Spanish into the mountains He joined armies with Bolivar, but left for Europe and died there in 1850 Bolivar led both armies into the Andes and in 1824 defeated the Spanish

8. MIGUEL HIDALGO

9. Hidalgo – the Facts 1821 Mexico freed itself from Spain after an 11 year struggle Hidalgo, a poor Mexican priest, challenged Indian peasants to rebel against their Spanish landowners These peasants and Hidalgo formed an army and marched 200 miles to Mexico City (army grew to 60,000) The Spanish army captured and executed Hidalgo (another priest, Jose Morales, took over the army and by 1813 freed Mexico)

10. HAITI Egalite for All. PBS- 55:23 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D6F5dXqTCfohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D6F5dXqTCfo

11. Toussaint – the Facts He was a slave in Hispaniola (now Haiti and Domincan Republic) which was controlled by France (west) and Spain (east) Led a revolt with free blacks and slaves forcing the French to leave He became the governor of the west (now Haiti) 1802 imprisoned by the French anyway and he died in prison