1. Flight and Duty Limitations and Rest Requirements: Flightcrew Members
Part 117
Flight and Duty Limitations and Rest Requirements: Flightcrew Members
Look for 3 qualities in people when hiring
Integrity, intelligence, and energy
If they don’t have the first quality
The other two qualities will kill you
Warren Buffett
Introduction
World War II involved specialized aircraft produced in large numbers by various combatant nations, and many makes of familiar names domestically became known internationally.
WWI spurred acft production, the acft were not available in the beginning of the war.
There were many efforts to prevent war, but the militaristic goals of a few countries pulled other countries into conflict.
WWII was worldwide with concentrations of fighting in Europe and the Pacific.
Hitler wanted to acquired more living space which he tried to do by taking starting war with other countries.

2. 117.1 Applicability Flight crew members
Conducting passenger operations under Part 121
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

3. 117.3 Definitions Acclimated Airport/standby reserve
Condition in which a flight crewmember has been in a theater for 72 hours or has been given at least 36 consecutive hours free of duty
Airport/standby reserve
Defined duty period during which a flight crewmember is required by a certificate holder to be at an airport for a possible assignment
Augmented flightcrew
Flight crew has more than the minimum number of flight crewmembers required by the airplane type certificate to operate the aircraft to allow a flight crewmember to be replace by another qualified flight crewmember for in-flight rest
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

4. 117.3 Definitions Calendar day Certificate holder
24-hour period from 0000 to 2359 using coordinated universal time or local time
Certificate holder
Person who holds or is required to hold an air carrier certificate or operating certificate issued under Part 119
Deadhead transportation
Transportation of a flight crewmember as a passenger or non-operating flight crewmember
Time spent in deadhead transportation is duty and is not rest
Not considered flight segment for maximum flight duty period
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

5. 117.3 Definitions
Duty
Task that flight crewmember performs as required by the certificate holder
Flight duty period
Flight duty
Pre- and post-flight duties
Administrative work
Training
Deadhead transportation
Aircraft positioning on ground
Aircraft loading
Aircraft servicing
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

6. 117.3 Definitions Fatigue Fatigue risk management system (FRMS)
Physiological state of reduced mental or physical performance capability resulting from lack of sleep or increased physical activity
Reduces flight crewmember’s alertness and ability to safely operate an aircraft or perform safety-related duties
Fatigue risk management system (FRMS)
Management system for a certificate holder to use to mitigate effects of fatigue in its particular operations
Data-driven process
Systematic method to continuously monitor/manage safety risks associated with fatigue-related error
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

7. 117.3 Definitions Fit for Duty Flight duty period
Physiologically and mentally prepared and capable of performing assigned duties at the highest degree of safety
Flight duty period
Begins when a flight crewmember is required to report for duty and ends when the aircraft is parked after the last flight and there is not intention for further aircraft movement by the same flight crewmember
Includes duties performed by the flight crew member on behalf of the certificate holder that occur before a flight segment or between flight segments without a required intervening rest period
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

8. 117.3 Definitions Home base Lineholder Long-call reserve
Location designated by a certificate holder where a flight crewmember normally begins and ends duty periods
Lineholder
Flight crewmember who has an assigned flight duty period and is not acting as a reserve flight crewmember
Long-call reserve
Prior to beginning rest period, flight crewmember is notified by the certificate holder to report for a flight duty period following the completion of the rest period
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

9. 117.3 Definitions Physiological night’s rest Report time
10 hours of rest that encompasses the hours of 0100 and 0700 at the flight crewmember’s home base or
If the flight crewmember has acclimated to a different theater, the rest must encompass the hours of 0100 and 0700 at the acclimated location
Report time
Time that the certificate holder requires a flight crewmember to report for an assignment
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

10. 117.3 Definitions Reserve availability period
Duty period during which a certificate holder requires a flight crewmember on short call reserve to be available to receive an assignment for a flight duty period
Reserve flight crewmember
A flight crewmember who a certificate holder requires to be available to receive an assignment for duty
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

11. 117.3 Definitions Rest facility
A bunk or seat accommodation installed in an aircraft that provides a flight crewmember with a sleep opportunity
Class 1 rest facility
Bunk or other surface that allows for a flat sleeping position and is located separate from both the flight deck and passenger cabin
Temperature-controlled
Allows the flight crewmember to control light
Provide isolation from noise and disturbance
Class 2 rest facility
Seat in an aircraft cabin that allows for a flat sleeping or near flat sleeping position
Separated from passengers by a minimum of a curtain to provide darkness and some sound mitigation
Reasonably free from disturbance by passengers or flight crewmembers
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

12. 117.3 Definitions Rest facility Rest period Scheduled
A bunk or seat accommodation installed in an aircraft that provides a flight crewmember with a sleep opportunity
Class 3 rest facility
Seat in an aircraft cabin or flight deck that reclines at least 40 degrees and provides leg and foot support
Rest period
Continuous period determined prospectively during which the flight crewmember is free from all restraint by the certificate holder
Scheduled
Appoint, assign, or designate for a fixed time
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

13. 117.3 Definitions Short-call reserve Split duty Suitable accommodation
Period of time in which a flight crewmember is assigned to a reserve availability period
Split duty
Flight duty period that has a scheduled break in duty that is less than a required rest period
Suitable accommodation
Provides a flight crewmember with the ability to sleep either in a bed, bunk, or in a chair that allows for flat or near flat sleeping position
Temperature-controlled
Sound mitigation
Ability to control light
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

14. 117.3 Definitions Theater Unforeseen operational circumstance
Geographical area in which the distance between the flight crewmember’s flight duty period departure point and arrival point differs by no more than 60 degrees longitude
Unforeseen operational circumstance
Unplanned event of insufficient duration to allow for adjustments to schedules, including unforecast weather, equipment malfunction, or air traffic delay that is not reasonably expected
Window of circadian low
Period of maximum sleepiness that occurs between 0200 and 0559 during a physiological sleep
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

15. 117.5 Fitness for Duty Flight crewmember
Report for flight duty rested and prepared to perform their duties
Do not accept assignment if too fatigued to perform duties
Certificate holder cannot permit member to continue a flight duty period if they have reported as too fatigued
Crewmember must affirmatively state they are fit for duty prior to commencing flight
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

16. 117.7 Fatigue Risk Management
System must include
Fatigue risk management policy
Education and awareness training program
Fatigue reporting system
System for monitoring flightcrew fatigue
Incident reporting process
Performance evaluation
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

17. 117.9 Fatigue Education
Fatigue education and awareness training program
Annual education/awareness training for all employees of the certificate holder
Increase awareness of
Fatigue
Effects of fatigue on pilots
Fatigue countermeasures
Update program every two years
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

18. 117.11 Flight Time Limitation
Do not exceed following limits
Time of Report (acclimated) Max flight time
0000 – hrs
0500 – hrs
2000 – hrs
3-pilot crew hrs
4-pilot crew hrs
Unforeseen operational circumstances
Flight crewmember may exceed maximum flight time
Extent necessary to safely land aircraft at destination or alternate airport
Report description of circumstances for extension
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

19. 117.13 Flight Duty Period Unaugmented operations
Based on number of flight segments
See Table B for max flight duty periods
Based on local time at theater last acclimated
Table is for acclimated
Not acclimated
Max flight duty period is reduced by 30 minutes
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

20. 117.15 Flight Duty Period Split Duty
Opportunity for sleep during flight duty period
Suitable accommodation
Rest opportunity provided between 2200 and 0500 local time
Scheduled before beginning of flight duty period
Rest opportunity actually provided cannot be less than scheduled
First flight segment must be completed
Flight duty period and rest opportunity do not exceed 14 hours
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

21. 117.17 Flight Duty Period Augmented operations
Based on number of pilots and class of rest facility
See Table C for max flight duty periods
Based on local time at theater last acclimated
Table is for acclimated
Not acclimated
Max flight duty period is reduced by 30 minutes
During flight duty period
Two consecutive hours in the second half are available for in-flight rest for the pilot flying the aircraft during landing
90 consecutive minutes are available for in-flight rest for the pilot performing monitoring duties during landing
No assignments with more than 3 flight segments
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

22. 117.19 Flight Duty Period Extensions
Augmented/Unaugmented
Pilot may extend max flight duty period up to 2 hours
Extension of more than 30 minutes may occur only once prior to receiving a rest period
Cannot be extended if crewmember exceeds cumulative flight duty period limits
Report (within 10 days)
Description of the circumstances for extension
Corrective action to avoid future extensions
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

23. Airport/standby reserve
Reserve Status
Airport/standby reserve
Part of flightcrew member’s flight duty period
Short-call reserve
Availability period may not exceed 14 hours
After reserve period, crewmember receives required rest
Unaugmented operation – Total hours cannot exceed
Lesser of maximum applicable flight duty period plus 4 hours, or
16 hours
Measured from beginning of reserve availability period
Augmented operation – Total hours cannot exceed
Maximum applicable flight duty period plus 4 hours
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

24. Airport/standby reserve
Reserve Status
Airport/standby reserve
Long-call reserve
Receive assignment to a flight duty period
Begins before and operate in flightcrew window of circadian low
Must receive 12-hour notice of report time
Shift from short-call to long-call reserve
Crewmember receives required rest period
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

25. 117.23 Cumulative Limitations
No assignments if total flight time exceeds
100 hours in any 672 consecutive hours
1,000 hours in any 365 consecutive calendar period
No assignments if total flight duty period exceeds
60 flight duty period hours in any 168 consecutive hours
190 flight duty period hours in any 672 consecutive hours
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

26. No assignments during rest period
Given at least 30 consecutive hours free from duty with the past 168 consecutive hour period
36 hours rest period to acclimate to new theater
Return to home base - 56 consecutive rest period hours if
Travels more the 60 degrees longitude during flight duty period
Away from home base more than 168 consecutive hours
10 consecutive hours immediately before reserve or flight duty period
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.

27. 117.27 Consecutive Nighttime Ops
Can accept
Up to 5 consecutive flight duty periods infringing on window of low circadian
Requires suitable accommodations during rest period
If not available, max up to 3 consecutive flight duty periods
Poland Falls: The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, concluded with Poland’s surrender a month later, and demonstrated Germany’s use of aircraft to destroy a country’s air combat capabilities early during an assault — a tactic Germany used repeatedly in its effort to make Europe German by capturing countries one by one. Blitzkrieg – lightning war, fast moving assaults using infantry and tanks supported by acft.
The Phony War: The winter of provided a lull in the fighting and grounded many aircraft.
Winter War: The Soviet invasion of Finland and the subsequent Winter War between two neighbors of vastly different sizes demonstrated that attrition of a combatant’s resources, not absolute numbers of wins and losses, could determine the outcome of combat. WX restricted aerial operations. The Polish army was not prepared to fight.
The Battle for France: Belgium and Holland were in Germany’s way around the northwestern end of France’s fortified Maginot Line, so the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) bombed Belgium and Dutch as well as French airfields and planes on the ground and German pilots fought particularly French and British aircraft in the air.
Dunkirk: Pushed to the sea (the English Channel) by advancing German forces, the British Expeditionary Force and France’s Northern Army evacuated 300,000 men from Dunkirk to the safety of England across the channel — under the aerial protection of British Spitfires and other fighter planes. Germany won the battle over Dunkirk in terms of fighter stats. Germany flew 2,000 sorties and lost 37 acft, British flew 1,764 sorties & lost 106 acft.
Mediterranean Region: Concurrent with the Battle for France, Germany launched a major paratroop attack against Crete, and Italy joined Germany in the fighting to conquer enemy lands in the Mediterranean region.
French Governments: After the fall of France in June 1942, the French government became scattered governments: There was German-ruled “occupied France,” and south of that was authoritarian “Vichy France,” and throughout France there was a “resistance” movement, also south of the Mediterranean Sea were “Free French” colonies in Africa led by General Charles de Gualle who was in exile in Great Britain.
Battle of Britain: The Battle of Britain was an air battle preliminary to a German invasion that never happened because the Royal Air Force escaped destruction on the ground and fought an effective defensive battle against Luftwaffe bombers, fighters, and blitz tactics. Britain had radar to guide airplanes from the ground.
Battle of the Atlantic: The maritime battle of the Atlantic employed aircraft in reconnaissance, fighter, torpedo bomber, and other roles.
Sortie – one mission by a single military plane.
The German Luftwaffe was one of the most powerful, doctrinally advanced, and battle experienced air forces in the world when WWII started.