1. Literary Devices
Review Vocabulary

2. metaphor A direct comparison of two unlike things.
Example: My love is a red rose.

3. explicit metaphor Uses the “be” verb (am, is are, was, were)
Example: “The words were summer on the tongue” (Bradbury).

4. implicit metaphor
A metaphor that is implied rather than stated directly; does not use the “be” verb.
Example: “…a great swelling symphony of lawn mowers…” (Bradbury).

5. simile A comparison of two unlike things using like or as
Example: My love is like a red rose.

6. personification Giving non-human things human characteristics.
Example: Love hit me over the head.

7. symbolism Using objects, people, or things to represent a greater idea
Wedding rings symbolize commitment

8. Review Match the term with the definition
1- metaphor 2- personification
3- simile 4- symbolism
A- A comparison of two unlike things using like or as
B- Giving non-human things human characteristics.
C- Using objects, people, or things to represent a greater idea
D- A direct comparison of two unlike things.

9. Review Match the term with the example
1- implicit metaphor 2- personification
3- explicit metaphor 4- simile
5- symbolism
A- a dove flew over the battlefield
B- the leaves danced on the breeze
C- the road slithered down the hill
D- the winds blew like they had a grudge
E- all the world is a stage…

10. irony
When the meaning is other than and especially the opposite of what was intended.
Example: It is ironic when a teacher cheats. It is ironic “phat” means “attractive”

11. Types of Irony Verbal- sarcasm
Situational- the opposite of what is expected
Dramatic- when the audience knows information that a character does not

12. imagery
Words that create a mental picture that stimulates one of the 5 senses
see, hear, taste, touch, smell

13. allusion
A reference to the Bible, history, or mythology, literature, or popular culture.
He left no crumbs. He could not turn back. (allusion to Hansel and Gretel)

14. alliteration The repetition of the initial consonant sounds
Crazy cats are cornered.

15. Review Match the term with the definition
1- allusion 2- alliteration
3- imagery 4- verbal irony
A- When the meaning is other than and especially the opposite of what was intended.
B- A reference to the Bible, history, or mythology, literature, or popular culture.
C- The repetition of the initial consonant sound
D- Words that create a mental picture that stimulates one of the 5 senses

16. Review Match the term with the example
1- allusion 2- alliteration
3- imagery 4- irony
A- the frilly french fries were fantastic.
B- General Zaroff was of the opinion he was civilized.
C- She finally was able to marry her prince.
D- The kettle was blowing off a lot of steam.

17. Figurative language General term for imagery words.
Any sentence or phrase that has a meaning beyond the literal meaning of its words.
Example:
heard it through the grapevine
walking on thin ice

18. hyperbole
exaggeration for effect
Example:
I could eat a whole horse

19. assonance The repetition of the vowel sounds in stressed syllables
Example:
Amazing ants create anarchy.

20. literal language The actual words or descriptions. Example:
A book is what you read.

21. Review: Match the term with the definition
1- figurative language 2- literal language
3- assonance 4- hyperbole
A- Any sentence or phrase that has a meaning beyond the literal meaning of its words.
B- repetition of vowel sounds
C- the actual words or descriptions.
D- A gross exaggeration

22. Review Match the term with the example
1- figurative language 2- literal language
3- assonance 4- hyperbole
A- Most students choose to carry backpacks.
B- I’ve told you a million times to clean your room!
C- Men sell the wedding bells.
D- That joke is so old, the last time I heard it I was riding on a dinosaur.

23. oxymoron A contradiction in terms Jumbo shrimp Unbiased opinion
sweet sorrow

24. onomatopoeia
Words that resemble sounds
Zip, crack, hiss

25. prose Writing that is not poetry
(paragraphs, short stories, essays, novels, etc. In other words, normal texts).

26. paradox
Something that seems to be contradictory but in actuality is true.
Actors are a paradox: They love being in the public eye but value their privacy
“Such a fair and foul day I have ever seen” Macbeth
“War is peace” 1984

27. Review Match the term with the definition
1- oxymoron 2- onomatopoeia
3- prose 4- paradox
A-Normal writing, not poetry
B- Something that seems to be contradictory but in actuality is true
C- A contradiction in terms
D- Words that resemble sounds

28. Review Match the term with the example
1- oxymoron 2- onomatopoeia
3- prose 4- paradox
A- Your enemy’s friend is your enemy.
B-In poetry, the use of paradox is not confined to mere wit and pleasure; rather, it becomes an integral part of poetic diction. Poets usually make use of a paradox to create a remarkable thought or image out of words.
C-Act naturally
D- bam!

29. puns
Play on words
She’s a skilled pilot whose career has really taken off.

30. stanza Poetic paragraphs Roses are red Violets are blue
Love is in the air
And so are you.

31. parody
A comical rendition that makes fun of an entire work

32. satire
Literary work in which human vices, follies, or society are attacked through irony, derision, or wit

33. Review Match the term with the definition
1- pun 2- stanza
3- satire 4- parody
A- Poetic paragraph
B- Play on words
C- A comical rendition that makes fun of a work
D- Literary work in which human vices or follies that are attacked through irony, derision, or wit

34. Review Match the term with the example
1- puns 2- stanza
3- satire 4- parody
A- Saturday Night Live’s Weekend Update
B- “Whether or not we find what we are seeking is idle, biologically speaking.”
C- Why do we still have troops in Germany? To keep the Russians in Czech.
D- Scary Movie

35. Denotation
The literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests.
Example:
“Beyond their immediate denotation, the words have a connotative power"

36. Connotation
An idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.
Example:
“The word “discipline” has unhappy connotations of punishment and repression"

37. Metonymy
A figure of speech in which one word is substituted for another associated with it
Example: We are studying Shakespere.
(We are actually studying his play).
Example: calling a business executive a “suit”

38. Malapropism
The mistaken use of a word in place of a similar-sounding one, often with unintentionally amusing effect, as in, for example, “dance a flamingo ” (instead offlamenco ). Periphrasis: The use of indirect and long speech or writing unnecessarily sometimes used for comic effect.

39. Review: Match the term to the definition
1- connotation 2- denotation
3- malapropism 4- metonymy
A- the mistaken use of a similar-sounding word, often for comic effect
B- the feeling or ideas associated with a word
C- the objective, literal meaning
D- one word is substituted for another associated with it

40. Literary Apostrophe
speaker directly addresses an absent person or a personified quality, object, or idea
Example: Feet, don’t fail me now.
Example: “O happy dagger! This is thy sheath; there rust, and let me die” (Romeo & Juliet).

41. Theme
The central message or insight into life revealed by a literary work.
Most often, stories and plays have an implied theme.

42. Characterization
Direct- narrator makes a direct comment about the character
Indirect- character traits are revealed through dialogue, description, and events.

43. Character Types Major/ minor
Round/ flat: A round character is multi-faceted, just like a real person. A flat character is one-dimensional.
Dynamic/ static: A dynamic character is one who changes or learns something in the narrative. A static character does not change.

44. Foil
A character to provides a contrast to another character in order to highlight the traits of a character
Example: Mercutio/ Romeo

45. Review: Match the term to the definition
1- dynamic character 2- apostrophe
3- theme 4- foil
A- central message of a literary work
B- a character who provides contrast to another character
C- a character to changes or learns something
D- speaker addresses an absent person or a personified idea

46. How did you do?
Which terms do you need to study?