1. REFORM MOVEMENTS IN UNITED STATES HISTORY

2. The Progressive Movement
What was the Progressive Movement?
a reform movement designed to improve American society
to solve the problems created by industrialization
targeted political, economic and social areas
took some ideas from the Populists

3. The Progressive Movement
Who were the progressives?
largely middle-class citizens living in urban areas
more government involvement; regulation of big business
What was the progressive philosophy?
When was the progressive era?
(some limit the time period)

4. The Progressive Movement
How did Americans find out about the problems in society?
Muckrakers – writers who exposed these problems with books and magazine articles
Upton Sinclair, The Jungle (meat-packing)
Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives (poor living conditions)
Lincoln Steffens, Shame of the Cities (corruption)

5. The Progressive Movement
What president was largely responsible for the progressive era?
Theodore Roosevelt – Republican
“Square Deal” – believed in honesty and fairness in business and government
wanted equal opportunities for everyone
“trustbuster”
conservationist

6. The Progressive Movement
What legislation was passed during the progressive movement?
Meat Inspection Act
Pure Food and Drug Act
17th amendment
Initiative
Recall
Referendum
Safety laws (Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire in N.Y.C.)

7. The Progressive Movement
What was the weakness of the progressive movement?
Failure to address racial inequality
Booker T. Washington vs. W.E.B. Dubois

8. FDR – the New Deal What happened on Oct. 29, 1929? Stock Market Crash
Black Tuesday
Causes of the Great Depression
Crash?
Overproduction of goods
Buying on margin/credit

9. FDR – The New Deal
Who was President at the beginning of the Great Depression?
Herbert Hoover – believed that the economy would fix itself
Encouraged businesses to be patient; do NOT lay workers off

10. FDR – The New Deal What was the New Deal?
FDR’s plan to solve the problems of the depression
JOBS, JOBS, JOBS
Believed the government needed to take action to end unemployment

11. FDR – The New Deal
How did FDR attempt to restore people’s faith in the economy?
“the only thing we have to fear is fear itself”
Fireside Chats
Brain Trust
Active first lady
Three R’s – Relief
Recovery
Reform

12. FDR – The New Deal What were some New Deal programs?
* Known as alphabet agencies (AAA, CCC, WPA, PWA, TVA)
Bank Holiday –
FDIC –
SEC –
Social Security -

13. FDR – The New Deal How successful was the New Deal?
FDR did greatly reduce unemployment, but the depression did not end until the U.S. became involved in World War II

14. Prohibition What was Prohibition?
The movement to ban the manufacture, distribution and consumption of alcohol
Known as the temperance movement
Largely successful due to the work of women

15. Prohibition Why did women fight to make alcohol illegal?
Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)
List reasons:

16. Prohibition What are the legal successes of the temperance movement?
1851 Maine became the first state to ban alcohol
Volstead Act
18th amendment – made alcohol illegal
Lasted from

17. Prohibition How did people break the law during Prohibition?
Bootlegging
Bathtub gin
Speakeasies
Gangsters (Al Capone)

18. Prohibition When did Prohibition end?
1933 (to raise money during the depression)
21st amendment – repealed the 18th amendment
First beer sold after Prohibition was in Utica, NY