1. GCSE LEVEL PE
Lesson 15
A healthy active lifestyle and your muscular system
Short term responses and long term adaptations as a result of exercise
Muscular System 2

2. Connector
Review the muscles and movements created by the muscles with your partner.
Give sporting examples of the movements.
Do not refer to last weeks work unless necessary. 2

3. KEY WORDS Aerobic energy Anaerobic energy Lactic acid
Isotonic contractions
Isometric contractions
Muscular hypertrophy

4. Big Picture
You will learn about the adaptations and responses that regular exercise has on the muscular system.
You will be able to explain how these responses and adaptations will effect performers in a variety of sports. 4

5. Lesson Outcomes
All students will be able to correctly identify the three immediate responses of the muscular system as a result of exercise.
Most students will be able to explain these responses and make reference to a variety of sports and the fuel used and by products produced.
All students will be able to identify the long term adaptations that occur in the muscular system as a result of regular exercise.
Most students will be able to explain in detail why these adaptations take place and how they can benefit a range of sport performers in a variety of sports. 5

6. TASK
Read through page 143.
What are the 3 immediate responses to exercise of the muscular system?
Write a paragraph to explain why each of these occurs.
Write down the definitions for isometric and isotonic contractions.
Complete the table on the worksheet giving two sporting examples.

7. IMMEDIATE AND SHORT TERM RESPONSES OF EXERCISE ON THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
How the body produces the energy needed to exercise FUEL WASTE PRODUCT
Anaerobic Energy – without oxygen (0 – 120secs)
Glucose = ENERGY + lactic acid
Aerobic Energy – with oxygen
Glucose (or fat) + O2 = CO2 + ENERGY

8. IMMEDIATE AND SHORT TERM RESPONSES OF EXERCISE ON THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
Increased fuel / energy demands
Lactic acid
Muscle Fatigue
With your partner identify and explain why these immediate responses take place.

9. LONG TERM ADAPTATIONS OF EXERCISE ON THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
What are the long term adaptations on the muscular system?
Muscle Hypertrophy
Read page 144.
Describe in your own words muscle hypertrophy.

10. FROM A-LEVEL PE – INFORMATION ONLY HOW A MUSCLE CONTRACTS
Image
Sliding Filament Theory 1
Sliding Filament Theory 2

12. TASK Describe in your own words muscle hypertrophy. Key Points
Exercise using the principle of training overload causes muscle fibres to work harder than usual causing them trauma
This causes tiny tears in the muscle fibres
Tears are rebuilt using bridges that repairs the tear and makes it stronger
The repair process takes upto 48 hours
Rest is important to allow the muscles time to fully recover.

13. LONG TERM ADAPTATIONS OF EXERCISE ON THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
As a result of muscle hypertrophy
Increased muscular strength & endurance
Increased muscular strength improves muscular power
Improved muscle tone
Improved posture
Stronger tendons
Stronger ligaments
Increase bone strength

14. REVIEW With your partner;
Identify the 3 short-term responses to exercise of the muscular system
Explain why they occur
Identify the long-term adaptation to exercise of the muscular system
Explain the advantages that this has on the body.