1.   Aim: How do we know the   difference between living   and nonliving things?

2. What is the science of biology? Biology is the study of life

3. CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE  Cells: Basic units of structure & function  Energy and Metabolism: Chemical reactions in cells  Homeostasis: Internal Balance  Reproduction: Produce offspring

4. Cells  Basic units of structure & function Living Things Are Made Up of One or More Cells

5. ENERGY and METABOLISM Energy is required to maintain life and for growth and development. Metabolism includes all of the chemical reactions that occur in an organism.

6. HOMEOSTASIS Break down the word: homeo - Constant or the same stasis – balance The ability of the body to maintain a relatively constant internal condition, regardless of the external environment.

7. REPRODUCTION Reproduction: the ability of an organism to produce a NEW organism. What do all these images have in common? How are they different?

8. Eight Life Functions  Nutrition  Transport  Cell Respiration  Excretion  Synthesis  Regulation  Growth  Reproduction

9. NUTRITION  All organisms get nutrients through their food! a. Autotrophic: refers to organisms that make their own food b. Heterotrophic: refers to organisms that get nutrients from the environment HeterotrophAutotroph

10. Transport  Organisms circulate and absorb materials through the cells (food and waste)  The circulatory system (blood) transports nutrients to the cells

11. Cell Respiration Chemical energy stored in nutrients is released during cellular respiration Occurs in the Mitochondria

12. SYNTHESIS  To make or to build from small to large.  Many sugars make a carbohydrate Many amino acids make a protein Many amino acids make a protein

13. Excretion  Get rid of Metabolic (cellular) waste  Ex: CO2, urine, sweat

14. REGULATION  To control  Nervous System (brain) and Endocrine System (hormones)

15. GROWTH  Increasing the size or number of cells Cells increase in size or cells split to make new cells

16. REPRODUCTION  To have offspring (children)  Asexual reproduction (one parent, cell splits) Sexual reproduction (two parents, sperm and egg)

17. The Living Environment Name:_____________________ Features of Life  List 4 characteristics that scientist look for when they want to determine life: 1. ____________________________ 2. ____________________________ 3. ____________________________ 4. ____________________________  Label the life characteristic that is represented in each diagram.  A mission to Mars has found a specimen and brought it back to Earth. As a biologist, your job is to figure out if the following specimens is living or non living. Explain how you will determine whether it is living or non living. (use complete sentences) ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Under a microscope