1. APPROACH TO INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEM DESIGN
The ADDIE Model
APPROACH TO INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEM DESIGN
Originator: unknown. Refined by Dick & Carey and others.
Sumitra Kan F.K. / June 2008

2. Allison Rossett
1987. Allison Rossett writes “Training Needs Assessment”
Designed the ADDIE model
1999 wrote “First things Fast”
(Source: San Jose State University. (2004). Famous IT people.)

3. The ADDIE Model
Analysis
Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation

4. The ADDIE Model
Analysis
Design
Develop
Implement
Evaluate

5. Analysis phase The ADDIE Model Who is the target audience?
What skill deficiencies exist in the target audience?
How do these skills connect to the organizational goals?
What is the budget?
What are the delivery methods?
What constraints exist?
When is the project due?
During analysis, the designer identifies the learning problem, the goals and objectives, the audience’s needs, existing knowledge, and any other relevant characteristics.  Analysis also considers the learning environment, any constraints, the delivery options, and the timeline for the project.

6. Design phase The ADDIE Model To determine the most appropriate media
Writing the learning objectives
Designing the Course content.
Determine the appropriate interactions.
Plan activities that allow for student group work with supportive social environment.
A systematic process of specifying learning objectives.  Detailed storyboards and prototypes are often made, and the look and feel, graphic design, user-interface and content is determined here.

7. Development phase The ADDIE Model
Designing according to storyboard specifications
Programming according to storyboard specifications
The actual creation (production) of the content and learning materials based on the Design phase.

8. Implementation phase The ADDIE Model Training the facilitators
Prepare and deliver the equipment & materials
Preparing the learners
Conducting the lessons
During implementation, the plan is put into action and a procedure for training the learner and teacher is developed.  Materials are delivered or distributed to the student group. After delivery, the effectiveness of the training materials is evaluated.

9. Evaluation phase The ADDIE Model Formative evaluation
Summative evaluation
This phase consists of (1) formative and (2) summative evaluation. Formative evaluation is present in each stage of the ADDIE process. Summative evaluation consists of tests designed for criterion-related referenced items and providing opportunities for feedback from the users.  Revisions are made as necessary.

10. ISL
Explain :
Why do we need a theoretical design model to base on before constructing any instructional system?
How does the ADDIE model pave the way to assist the designing of instructional system?