1. Surrealism Surrealism focuses on the psyche, fantasy, and the
unconscious. The artwork is greatly influenced by
writing by Freud and Jung.
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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2. (Metaphysical Painting)
Pittura Metafisica
(Metaphysical Painting)
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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3. Giorgio De Chirico The Red Tower 1913, oil on canvas
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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Giorgio De Chirico
The Red Tower
1913, oil on canvas

4. highly contrasting dark and light values
De Chirico produced, mysterious, ambiguous paintings that are marked by these stylistic traits:
perspective space
highly contrasting dark and light values
enigmatic combinations of images juxtaposed to create mysterious context or meaning.
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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Giorgio De Chirico
Love Song
1914
oil on canvas

5. The Great Metaphysician
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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Giorgio De Chirico
The Great Metaphysician
1917
oil on canvas
41 1/8 x 27 1/2 in.

6. The Melancholy and Mystery of a Street
Dadaists, Surrealists and Metaphysical artists used ambiguous titles that relate “uneasily” to what we see.
The viewer must “decipher the connection between the image and the words.”
Giorgio De Chirico
The Melancholy and Mystery of a Street
1914
oil on canvas
34 1/4 x 28 1/4 in.
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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7. The Surrealists and the Metaphysical artists were inspired by the ideas of Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung and Friedrich Nietzche.
The strangeness that De Chirico conjured in his scenes of “everyday” things recalls Nietzsche’s “foreboding that underneath this reality in which we live and have our being, another and altogether different reality lies concealed.”
– Kleiner
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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Giorgio De Chirico
The Nostalgia of the Infinite
1917
oil on canvas

8. Surrealism Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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9. André Breton
Performing Far-Sighted Manifesto
1920
Translation of sign:
“In order for you to like something it is necessary for you to have seen and understood it a long time ago, you bunch of idiots.”
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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10. “Surrealism is based on the belief in the superior reality of certain forms of association heretofore neglected… the omnipotence of dreams… the undirected play of thought…” – Breton
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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André Breton
Self-portrait
1925
photomontage

11. Surrealism and Dada emerged out of political unrest across Europe (WWI and WWII).
The movements were conceived as a revolution, that celebrated the breaking of established conventions.
In Ernst’s, The Virgin Spanking the Christ Child, the three wise men are Surrealists and Christ is seen as an ordinary naughty child.
This breaks the rules of not only establishment art, but also religious orthodoxy and moral feelings.
This painting is an example of how Surrealism and Dada rejected the mainstream goals of society, substituting their own artistic values.
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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Max Ernst
The Virgin Spanking the Christ Child Before Three Witnesses: André Breton, Paul Elouard, and the Painter
1926, oil on canvas

12. The Persistence of Memory
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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Salvador Dali
The Persistence of Memory
1931, oil on canvas, 9 1/2 x 13 in.

13. Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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Salvador Dali
The Metamorphosis of Narcissus
1937, oil on canvas, 51.2 x 78.5 cm
Surrealism is art expressing the qualities of dreams and the unconscious.

14. Christ of St. John of the Cross 1951 oil on canvas 81”x 46”
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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Salvador Dali
Christ of St. John of the Cross
1951
oil on canvas
81”x 46”

15. The Hallucinogenic Torreador 1968-70 oil on canvas, 157” x 118”
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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Salvador Dali
The Hallucinogenic Torreador
oil on canvas, 157” x 118”

16. Salvador Dali Photograph ca. 1930’s Salvador Dali
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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Salvador Dali
Photograph ca. 1930’s
Salvador Dali
Photograph ca. 1960’s

17. Link to the Salvador Dali dream sequence in Alfred Hitchcock's movie, Spellbound
Salvador Dali experimented with film and became an art celebrity in the later half of the 20th century.
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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Salvador Dali and Louis Buñuel
Un Chien Andalou
1929
motion picture

18. René Magritte The False Mirror
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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René Magritte
The False Mirror
1928, oil on canvas, 21 1/4 x 21 7/8 in.

19. René Magritte The Human Condition 1933, oil on canvas, 39 x 32 in.
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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René Magritte
The Human Condition
1933, oil on canvas, 39 x 32 in.

20. René Magritte The Empire of Light 1952 oil on canvas 39 1/2 x 32 in.
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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René Magritte
The Empire of Light
1952
oil on canvas
39 1/2 x 32 in.

21. René Magritte The Empire of Light 1964 oil on canvas 46 x 35 in.
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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René Magritte
The Empire of Light
1964
oil on canvas
46 x 35 in.

22. René Magritte The Listening Room 1952, oil on canvas
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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René Magritte
The Listening Room
1952, oil on canvas

23. The Treachery of Images 1928-29, oil on canvas, 23 1/4 x 31 1/2 in.
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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René Magritte
The Treachery of Images
, oil on canvas, 23 1/4 x 31 1/2 in.

24. René Magritte Time Transfixed 1938 oil on canvas 57 1/2 x 38 1/2 in.
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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René Magritte
Time Transfixed
1938
oil on canvas
57 1/2 x 38 1/2 in.

25. First Papers of Surrealism Exhibition, New York 1942 installation
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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First Papers of Surrealism Exhibition, New York
1942
installation

26. Frida Kahlo The Two Fridas 1939 CE oil on canvas
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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Frida Kahlo
The Two Fridas
1939 CE
oil on canvas

27. Frida Kahlo, The Two Fridas
Frida was born to a Mexican mother and German
father. Although she is categorized as a Surrealist,
she distanced herself from the group.
Her paintings show details form her own life and
psychological despair of human existence.
Frida was deeply nationalistic and proud of her
Mexican heritage. She is painted wearing the Tehuana
dress of the Zapotec women on the right and in European
garb on the left.
The landscape is baron and stormy.
She has two exposed hearts; hearts were symbolic of the
Aztec (Mexica).
She holds a miniature portrait of her husband, Diego
Rivera, in her hand.
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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28. Frida Kahlo The Broken Column 1944 oil on canvas
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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Frida Kahlo
The Broken Column
1944
oil on canvas

29. Frida Kahlo Henry Ford Hospital 1932 oil on metal, 12 1/4 x 15 1/2 in.
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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Frida Kahlo
Henry Ford Hospital
1932
oil on metal, 12 1/4 x 15 1/2 in.

30. 138.
Meret Oppenheim
(Le Dējeuner en Fourrure)
Object
1936
fur-Covered cup, saucer and spoon 2 7/8 in. high
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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This sculpture was selected by popular vote, as the “quintessential Surrealist symbol” at the 1937 Surrealist exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art in New York.

31. Meret was female Swiss artist who was friends with
138.
Meret Oppenheim,
Le Dējeuner en Fourrure,also called “Luncheon in Fur”
Meret was female Swiss artist who was friends with
Picasso. The piece was inspired by a conversation
with Picasso.
The functional object is fur-covered and has an
anthropomorphic* quality.
The cup is magically transformed and has sensual
quality to it.
The cup is tactile and concave.
Slide concept by William V. Ganis, PhD
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*Anthropomorphic =
giving human form or characteristic to non-human item