1. AIM: WHY DOES DEVELOPMENT VARY BETWEEN COUNTRIES?
DO NOW: Worksheet! Describe life in various countries

2. Socially
Economically
Demographically

3. Human Development Index
A country’s level of development can be distinguished according to three factors – social, economic, and demographic.
The Human Development Index (HDI), created by the United Nations, recognizes that a country’s level of development is a function of all three of these factors.

4. Human Development Index (HDI)
Four factors are combined to produce country’s HDI
GDP (gross domestic product) per capita
Literacy rate
Amount of education
Life expectancy

7. Can you name the top 3 countries with the highest HDI?

8. United States: Can you guess
United States: Can you guess...  Life Expectancy  Average years of schooling

9. HDI 2014

10. ECONOMIC MEASURE
Gross Domestic Product (GDP): value of the total output of goods and services produces in a country, normally during a year
GDP per capita  Dividing GDP by total population measures contribution made by the average individual toward generating a country’s wealth

11. GDP UNITED STATES GDP = $12 trillion Population = 300 million
GDP per capita = $40,000
Measures average (mean) wealth, not distribution. Cannot perfectly measure level of development

13. SOCIAL INDICATORS
level of development, the greater are both the quantity and quality of education
Quantity: average number of school years attended
Quality: student/teacher ratio and literacy rate
Literacy rate: percentage of a country’s people who can read and write

14. Education MDCs vs. LDCs
Average pupil attends school for about 10 years in MDCs vs. couple years in LDCs
Student-teacher ratio is twice as high in LDCs as in MDCs

16. DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS
Life Expectancy: average number of years a newborn infant can be expected to live
LDCs – 60s
MDCs – 70s

18. Other Factors the Determine Development of Countries

19. ECONOMIC FACTORS Types of Jobs (primary, secondary, tertiary)
Productivity (gross value of product minus cost of raw materials and energy)
Raw Materials
Consumer goods

20. SOCIAL FACTORS
Health and Welfare

21. DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS Infant Mortality Rate Natural Increase Rate
Crude Birth Rate

23. AIM: Where are more and less developed countries?
DO NOW: Vocabulary

25. REGIONS OF THE WORLD MORE DEVELOPED LESS DEVELOPED Anglo America
Western Europe
Eastern Europe
Japan
South Pacific
Latin America
East Asia
Middle East
Southeast Asia
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

27. AIM: Where does level of development vary by gender?
DO NOW:

28. Gender-Related Development Index
Compares the level of development of women with that of both sexes
Gender Empowerment Measure
Compares ability of women and men to participate in economic and political decision making

29. Gender-Related Development Index (GDI)
Uses the same indicators as HDI
Income
Literacy
Education
Life expectancy
High GDI means both men and women have achieved a high level of development
Low GDI means that women have a low level of development

32. Global Gender Gap Report 2015og

33. Gender-Related Development Index (GDI)
ECONOMIC INDICATOR
Average income for females is lower than males in every country in the world

35. Gender-Related Development Index (GDI)
SOCIAL INDICATOR
Education & Literacy
Women less likely to attend schools in LDCs
Gap is especially high in secondary level
Women:Men 99:100 in MDCs, 60:100 LDCs

36. Gender-Related Development Index (GDI)
SOCIAL INDICATOR
LDCs
Sub-Saharan Africa & Middle East fewer than one-third of girls attend school
In Latin America and Asia, boys and girls are equally likely but attendance is much less than in MDCs

38. Gender-Related Development Index (GDI)
DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATOR
Life expectancy
Gender gap greater in MDCs than LDCs
Women expected to live longer in MDCs

40. Fostering Gender Equality & Empowerment
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41. Gender Empowerment income professional jobs elected jobs
GEM measures the ability of women to participate in the process of achieving those improvements
two indicators of economic power
income
professional jobs
two indicators of political power
managerial jobs
elected jobs

42. Gender Empowerment
Countries with the highest GEMS are MDCs, especially in North America, Northern Europe and South Pacific

43. Interactive Gender Gap Map

44. Malala
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45. He for She Campaign

47. AIM: Why do less developed countries face obstacles to development?
DO NOW: Development Index Review

48. To reduce disparities between rich and poor countries, LDCs must develop more rapidly.
Increasing per capita GDP more rapidly
Using additional funds to make more rapid improvements in people’s social and economic conditions

49. Two Obstacles Adopting policies that successfully promote development
Finding funds to pay for development

50. One of two ways to promote development
Self-Sufficiency
International Trade

51. Finding Funds One of two ways to find funds
Loans from banks and international organizations
Direct investment by transnational corporations

52. Rostow Model
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