1. Research Laboratory of Bioenergy (RLB)
BIOFUELS: A RENEWABLE AND GREEN ALTERNATIVE OF FOSSIL FUELS
Abdul Majeed Khan
Research Laboratory of Bioenergy (RLB)
Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, University Road, Karachi-75300, Pakistan

2. ENERGY Renewable Energy Non-renewable Energy Hydro power Solar power
Wind power
Biomass
Geothermal
Non-renewable
Energy
Fossil fuels
Nuclear energy

3. ENERGY CONSUMPTION AROUND THE GLOBE

4. INVESTMENTS IN SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
Energy is the largest industry in the world. Estimates of the total market size of all sectors of the energy and related industries are about $ 7 trillion. The energy industry constitutes almost 13% of the total world GDP.
Year
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
AGR* (%)
Investment
($ billions) 35 60 93
148
155 45

5. DEPLETION OF FOSSIL FUELS
SOLAR ENERGY
CO2 , SO2 , SO3, CH4
HNO3 , H2SO4 , H2CO3
GLOBAL WARMING
&
POLLUTION
END PRODUCTS
FOSSILS
FOSSIL FUELS
USES

6. GLOBAL CHALLENGES Global Energy Crisis Global Warming Global Pollution
Global Economy

7. DISASTERS RELATED TO GLOBAL WARMING
FLOODS
CYCLONES
HEALTH PROBLEMS
BIODIVERSITY
Economy and destabilization
The intensity will be doubled in 2050

8. HOW TO OVERCOME THE CHALLENGES ?
% Energy
Current
Demand

9. BIOENERGY

10. BIOENERGY PROJECTS AT RLB
RESEARCH LABORATORY OF BIOENERGY
RLB
Electricity generation by the fermentation of wastewater
Biogas from seaweeds and wastewater
Bioethanol from seaweeds
Biodiesel from seaweeds

11. ELECTRICITY GENERATION BY THE FERMENTATION OF WASTEWATER
(PROJECT- 1 AT RLB)
Abdul Majeed Khan, et al. J. Chem. Soc. Pak., 32 (2), , 2010.

12. GENERAL PATHWAY FOR BIOENERGY GENERATION USING MFCs
Organic Substrate +
Bacteria & Fungi
Biochemical Reaction
Biohydrogen Fuel
Flow of Electrons
Fermentation as an amazing source of light

13. POWER OUTPUT OF DIFFERENT MFCs
Abdul Majeed Khan, et al. J. Chem. Soc. Pak., 32 (2), , 2010.

14. POWER OUTPUT OF DIFFERENT WASTEWATER SAMPLES BY MFCs
Abdul Majeed Khan, et al. J. Chem. Soc. Pak., 32 (2), , 2010.

15. COMPARISON OF COD & BOD OF WASTEWATER WITH THE POWER OUTPUT OF MFCs
Abdul Majeed Khan, et al. J. Chem. Soc. Pak. (Accepted).

16. APPLICATIONS OF MFCs Pacemaker Insulin pump Laptop Mobile Phones
Devices of outer space
Benthic unattended generators
Large scale MFCs

17. ALGAE AS A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF BIOFUELS
Abdul Majeed Khan, J. Chem. Soc. Pak., 32 (3), , 2010.

18. Green house gas mitigation benefits
ADVANTAGES OF ALGAE
Cultivation of algae
Green house gas mitigation benefits
Compatibility of biofuels produced from algae
Alternative biofuels source of food crops
Higher yield of biofuels from algae
Algae (2000), Sugarcane (650), Corn (450), Soybean (250) gallons of fuel per acre of production per year

19. BIOGAS FROM SEAWEEDS & WASTEWATER
(PROJECT-2 AT RLB)

20. BIOETHANOL FROM SEAWEEDS
(PROJECT-3 AT RLB)

21. BIODIESEL FROM SEAWEEDS
(PROJECT-5 AT RLB)
Collection of algae
Washing and
drying
Crushing
Extraction of oily content
Algal oil
Evaporation of solvent
Transesterfication
Preliminary analysis
Conclusion
Characterization of biodiesel
Separation of layers
Crude biodiesel
Purification
Pure biodiesel

22. Merits of Bioenergy Demerits of Bioenergy
A renewable and green alternative of fossil fuels
Sustainable solution of global energy crisis, global warming and global pollution
Waste to energy
Relieve the political stress among the countries
Reduction in CO2 emission
Demerits of Bioenergy
Biomass has smaller energy content for its bulk than fossil fuels
Higher labor, transportation and storage costs
Shortage of water and nutrients supply
Low demand of bioenergy

24. THANKS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Higher Education Commission of Pakistan
Organizing Committee of the Conference
Administration and faculty members of FUUAST
Ph.D. students of Bioenergy Research Group
THANKS