1. Absolutism in Spain
What are some reasons an Absolute Monarch like Phillip II can weaken their country?

2. Empire of King Phillip II
After the Reformation, Hapsburg Emperor Charles V divides his empire
Brother Ferdinand inherits Austria & the German states (HRE)
Son Phillip inherits Spain, Italy & the Netherlands
Spain has a great deal of money due to its colonies
Phillip makes aggressive moves
1. Takes Portugal when the King of Portugal dies w/o an heir
2. To please the Pope he goes to war with the powerful Ottoman Empire (Muslims)
3. Attacks England to punish Queen Elizabeth for being Protestant

3. Anglo-Spanish War of 1588
England had more efficient guns and better gunners (10 round to 1)
England also used empty ships loaded with explosives
Spain’s navy was defeated and this setback weakened Spain
Turn to page 156 & answer map questions 1 & 2 in your notes

4. Painting of Christ by El Greco
Spain’s Golden Age
Painting of Christ by El Greco
King Phillip’s Children by Velazquez

5. Spain’s Golden Age
During Spain’s period of great wealth, many artists flourished
El Greco & Diego Velazquez were important painters
Miguel de Cervantes wrote Don Quixote de la Mancha
Spain’s Empire Weakens
A growing population demanded more goods, and silver was less valuable causing problems with Spain’s economy
Spain expels the Jews & Moors, losing many taxpaying artisans
Spain was in debt, borrowing money to finance their wars
Dutch Protestants start a revolution against Spain in the Netherlands
War lasts 11 years – Dutch get independence in northern provinces