1. GREAT WAR –WORLD WAR ONE 1914-1918

2. ALLIANCES OF WORLD WAR I
CENTRAL POWERS:
GERMANY
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY
OTTOMAN EMPIRE
BULGARIA
ALLIES:
GREAT BRITAIN
FRANCE
SERBIA
RUSSIA
ITALY (1915)
USA ( 1917)

3. LEADERS OF COUNTRIES Emperor Franz Joseph Kaiser Wilhelm II
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY
Emperor Franz Joseph
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY
Kaiser Wilhelm II
GERMANY
Woodrow Wilson
USA

4. CAUSES OF WWI 4 LONG TERM CAUSES : NATIONALISM IMPERIALISM MILITARISM
ALLIANCES
SHORT TERM CAUSE :
ASSASSINATION OF THE ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND

5. WORLD WAR I WORLD WIDE TOTAL WAR ( INVOLVES CIVILIANS )
NEW WEAPONS ( MACHINE GUNS, PLANES,GAS, UBOATS ,GRENADES, ARTILLARY GUNS, AIRPLANES – INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION!!
DEFENSIVE BATTLE

6. ARCHDUKE AND SOPHIE LAST MOMENTS BEFORE DEATH

7. THE ASSASSIN MEMBER OF THE BLACK HAND
GAVRILO PRINCIP

8. WAR IS DECLARED!! GUNS OF AUGUST!!!
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY DECLARES
WAR ON SERBIA!
GERMANY DECLARES WAR ON
RUSSIA
GERMANY DECLARES WAR ON
FRANCE
BRITAIN DECLARES WAR ON
GERMANY – AFTER THEY INVADED
BELGIUM

9. STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES
ALLIES
MORE INDUSTRY
LARGE NAVY
GREATER POPULATION
ECONOMIC RESOURCES
MORE COLONIES
CENTRAL POWERS GOOD COMMUNICATION BETTER PREPARED
LEADERS AND EQUIPMENT
OFFENSE
ALLIES
POOR COMMUNICATION
RUSSIA WEAK
NO SUPREME COMMANDER
CENTRAL POWERS
FIGHT ON 2 FRONTS
FEWER MEN
SMALL NAVY

10. TWO FRONTS WESTERN AND EASTERN
GERMANY -DO NOT WANT TO FIGHT ON 2 FRONTS.
PLAN CREATED IN LATE 1880S TO PREVENT FIGHTING ON 2 FRONTS.
IT IS CALLED THE SCHLIEFFEN PLAN
1. GERMANY INVADES THROUGH BELGIUM AND EAST BORDER OF FRANCE –CAPTURE PORT CITIES AND PARIS FROM BEHIND. CRUSH IN 6 WEEKS.
2. BY THE TIME #1 OCCURS-RUSSIA IS FINALLY MOBILIZED AND FIGHTING IS ON 1 FRONT ONLY- IN THE EAST AGAINST RUSSIA
3. WAR OVER BY CHRISTMAS!!
4. GERMANS DO NOT FOLLOW PLAN AND DO NOT
CAPTURE PORTS NOR PARIS AND RUSSIA MOBILIZES QUICKLY!
5. GERMANY DOES NOT WANT TO FIGHT ON BOTH
THE EASTERN AND WESTERN FRONT.

11. SCHLIEFFEN PLAN

12. WESTERN& EASTERN FRONTS

13. WESTERN FRONT 1. 1ST BATTLE OF THE MARNE -9/14 “ MIRACLE OF MARNE “
700 TAXIS HAUL 6000 MEN TO
THE MARNE RIVER TO FIGHT
WAR WILL BE A LONG ONE!!!
2. RACE TO YPRES-10-14/11-14
CREATES 600 MILE TRENCH LINE
FROM THE NORTH SEA TO THE
ALPS. DEFENSIVE WAR –”DIG IN”

14. The Western Front

15. TRENCH WARFARE
A LINE RAN OVER 600 MILES ON THE WESTERN FRONT FROM THE NORTH SEA TO THE ALPS
THIS WAS A DEFENSE FRONT DUE TO THE NEW WEAPONS ESPECIALLY THE MACHINE GUN
IT WAS REFERRED TO AS A STALMATE

17. TRENCH DESIGN

18. Trench Warfare

25. GOING OVER THE TOP!!

28. TRENCH FOOT

29. LIFE IN A TRENCH https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_G4ZY66BG38
CLICK BELOW TO VIEW LIFE IN A TRENCH

32. TWO EFFORTS TO END STALEMATE!
BATTLE OF VERDUN
GERMAN OFFENSIVE
2-1-16/ 6-16
VERDUN FORTRESS TOWN EAST FRENCH BORDER
FRENCH VALIENTLY RESISTED-”THOU SHALT NOT PASS”
GERMANS- 300,000 CASULTIES
FRENCH 350,000 CASULTIES
BATTLE OF SOMME
BRITISH OFFENSIVE
/ 11-16
1ST TIME TANKS WERE
USED.
“ OVER THE TOP”
ONE DAY- 20,000 BR.DEAD
40,000 INJURED
LAST TIME CAVALRY USED
OVER 1 MILLION DEAD
600,000 GERMAN
400,000 FRENCH

33. Verdun – February, 1916 German offensive.
Each side had 500,000 casualties.

34. GERMAN SKELETONS AT VERDUN

36. The Somme – July, 1916 60,000 British soldiers killed in one day.
Over 1,000,000 killed in 5 months.

37. WEAPONS OF WORLD WAR ONE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE HUGE NUMBERS OF KILLED AND INJURED MEN DUE TO NEW TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN WEAPONS!

38. MACHINE GUNS

39. GAS ATTACKS
MUSTARD GAS
CHLORINE GAS
TEAR GAS

43. TANKS FIRST USED BY THE BRITISH AT THE BATTLE OF SOMME IN 1916

45. DREADNOUGHT BATTLESHIP

46. SUBMARINE

47. ARTILLARY GUNS BIG BERTHAS

48. AIRPLANES FIRST USED TO JUST FLY OVER THE ENEMY FOR RECONAISSANCE
PILOTS THREW BRICKS OR CHAINS AT ONE ANOTHER TO CAUSE CRASHES
MOUNTED GUNS LATER ON PLANES
WITH GUNS DOGFIGHTS FOLLOWED

51. 2 FAMOUS FLYING ACES OF WWI IF A PILOT FLEW 5 MISSIONS AND CAME BACK THEY WERE REFERRED TO AS AN ACE.
EDDIE RICKENBACKER
USA
BARON VON RICHTHOFEN- GERMANY

52. DOG FIGHT

53. War Is HELL !!

54. Sacrifices in War

55. EASTERN FRONT

56. Nicholas
Franz Joseph Austria-Hungary
Czar Nicholas II
Russia
Czar Nick II
and Kaiser Wilhelm II –cousins !
King George V of Gr. Br. and Nick II –cousins

57. RUSSIA AND THE WAR!!
RUSSIANS DEFEATED IN EARLY BATTLES AND PUSHED OUT OF GERMANY AND AUSTRIA
1916- RUSSIAN WAR EFFORT FAILING. SOLDIERS WITHOUT GUNS, FOOD, CLOTHING. NO WAY TO GET SUPPLIES TO THEM!
GERMANS CONTROLLED BALTIC SEA, OTTOMAN DARDANELLES AND BOSPHORUS! HOW DO ALLIES GET THEM SUPPLIES
RUSSIANS AT HOME AND IN THE ARMY ARE DEMORALIZED! GERMANS GET LENIN TO LEAVE SWITZERLAND AND GO TO RUSSIA!! REVOLT POSSIBLE??
RUSSIAN REVOLUTION OCCURS- 11/1917
BOLSHEVIKS PULL RUSSIA FROM WAR – TREATY OF BREST LITVOSK WITH GERMANY!!

59. ALLIES LOOK TO GAINING THE DARDANELLES!
FEBRUARY, 1916 – GALLIPOLI CAMPAIGN
BRITISH, AUSTRALIAN, NEW ZEALAND AND FRENCH PLAN TO TAKE THIS AREA TO HELP RUSSIA
HAVE A PORT TO RECEIVE SUPPLIES
FROM THE ALLIES.
MAY ,TURKS AND EUROPEANS AT STALEMATE
12/1916 ALLIES GIVE UP IN BLOODY DEFEAT- 250,000 CASUALTIES!

60. The Gallipoli Disaster, 1915

61. ARABS AND THE EUROPEANS
ARABS ARE ENCOURAGED TO FIGHT THE TURKS !
FRANCE AND GREAT BRITAIN TELL THEM THEY WILL SUPPORT THEIR INDEPENDENCE AFTER THE WAR!
SECRETLY FRANCE AND GR. BRITAIN PLAN ON DIVIDING UP THE TURKISH LANDS IN THE MIDDLE EAST!!
GREAT BRITAIN RECEIVED MANDATES IN IRAQ ( OIL RICH) AND PALESTINE!!
FRANCE SECURES SYRIA AND LEBANON

62. T. E. Lawrence & the “Arab Revolt”, 1916-18

63. Turkish Cavalry in Palestine

64. The Sinking of the Lusitania

65. UNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFARE
FEBRUARY, 1917 GERMANS ONCE AGAIN ANNOUNCE UNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFARE
EXTREMELY EFFECTIVE – WILSON SEES NO CHOICE IN JOINING WAR!
ZIMMERMANN TELEGRAM- LAST STRAW!

66. The Zimmerman Telegram

67. ZIMMERMANN TELEGRAM
GERMANY’S FOREIGN MINISTER , ZIMMERMANN, SENDS A TELEGRAM TO MEXICO: stating that if Mexico joins war against the U.S. Germany
Would help them gain back lost land.
LAST STRAW!! U.S. ENTERS WAR !!

68. The Yanks Are Coming!

69. The Armistice is Signed!
11 a.m., November 11, 1918
The Armistice is Signed!

70. 9,000,000 DEAD!

71. World War I Casualties