1. A Review of American History: Sections 1-3

2. Learning Goals
USH.1.1
Read key documents from the Founding Era and analyze major ideas about government, individual rights and the general welfare embedded in these documents.
USH.1.2
Explain major themes in the early history of the United States such as federalism, sectionalism, nationalism, and states’ rights.
USH.1.3
Identify and tell the significance of controversies pertaining to slavery, abolitionism, and social reform movements.

3. Section 1 The World Before 1600
Migration to America (12,000 BC)
1st people to arrive in North America
took place during last Ice Age (12,000 – 40,000 years ago)
hunters following herds, crossed land bridge connecting Asia & North America

4. Prehistoric Migration
EUROPE
ASIA
A R C T I C O C E A N
B e r i n g S e a
NORTH AMERICA
PAC I F I C O C E A N
AT L A N T I C O C E A N
1,000
2,000 mi.
G u l f o f M e x i c o
1,000
2,000 km
Prehistoric Migration
Land bridge Glacier
Coastal-route theory Land-bridge theory
SOUTH AMERICA

5. The World Before 1600
about 7,000 years ago; human groups planted seeds on purpose
farming allowed people to settle in villages
led to the agricultural revolution; which changed the way we lived forever
different environment = different cultures
shared customs & ideas through trade networks

8. Early Civilizations of the Americas
NORTH AMERICA
G u l f o f M e x i c o
Aztecs Olmecs
AT L A N T I C O C E A N
Maya
C a r i b b e a n S e a
PAC I F I C O C E A N
SOUTH AMERICA
Inca
AT L A N T I C O C E A N
1,000
2,000 mi.
1,000
2,000 km
Early Civilizations of the Americas

9. Cahokia is largest Pre-Columbian settlement north of Mexico

14. The World Before 1600 European Exploration
Leif Eriksson – 1st European to land in North America
Christopher Columbus
- during the Renaissance; European nations wanted to increase their power (new lands & sources of trade)
landed on an island in Bahamas
- opened Western Hemisphere to exploration & colonization
- Columbian Exchange

17. Chinese (1420) - may have sailed across the Pacific and explored
the West Coast (California)
- the map the right is dated
1418
- it has been thought the
Chinese circumnavigated
the globe

18. Section 2 European Colonies in America
European Explorers in the Americas
Spain – southern part of US from Florida to California (Ponce de Leon, de Soto, Coronado)
France – Great Lakes, along Mississippi River to Louisiana (Cartier, Champlain, Marquette, LaSalle)
Dutch – New Netherland and Delaware (Hudson)
British – 13 colonies along Atlantic Coast (Cabot, Drake, Raleigh)

20. European Colonies in America
The English in Virginia
Settlement of Jamestown (1607)
- first permanent English colony in North America
- John Smith, John Rolfe, Pocahontas
- established first cash crop in colonies (tobacco)
Population grew rapidly in 1600s
By 1619; House of Burgesses was formed

22. European Colonies in America
The Northern Colonies
Pilgrims Arrive at Plymouth (1620)
- Protestant group known as Puritans
- landed in present-day Massachusetts
- wanted a colony to practice their religion freely
- motivated other groups of colonists to come to America; free practice of religion became fundamental principle of the US Constitution
Great Migration
Other Puritan colonies form (Connecticut, Rhode Island, & New Hampshire)

25. European Colonies in America
The Middle & Southern Colonies
Proprietary colonies – New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, & Carolinas (later divided)
Maryland founded as a Catholic haven
Delaware formed from part of Pennsylvania
Georgia (last of original 13 colonies) established as military buffer between Carolinas & Spanish Florida

27. Section 3 Colonial Life
Colonies developed their own economics, political systems, traditions of local government, & sense of self reliance
Maintained economic, political, & personal ties with Great Britain
Serious strains between the colonists & British began to appear

28. Colonial Life The Colonial Economy
Northern – farming to feed family; shipbuilding & producing goods (rum, textiles, ironworks)
Southern – fertile land and mild climate ideal for agriculture; farms produced valuable crops
- many small farms; plantations grew
- increased reliance on slave labor

29. Colonial Life America’s Emerging Culture
Enlightenment – John Locke; government had duty to protect its citizens’ rights
- ideas in Declaration & Constitution
- caused some colonists to question religion
Great Awakening – countered the spread of Enlightenment ideas
- forged one of the first links uniting the colonies
- led to growth of new Protestant denominations (Methodist, Baptist, Presbyterian)

30. Colonial Life The French and Indian War
Territorial struggles between British, French, and Spanish
French with native allies vs. British
; Britain forced France to surrender
- marked the end of French power in North America
Treaty of Paris (1763)– ended the war; gave Britain all land east of the Mississippi River
Proclamation of 1763 – prevent further conflict with Native Americans on frontier