1. Effects of the Civil War: RECONSTRUCTION

2. End Agreement of the War
Slaves were freed as Union troops entered areas
Appomattox Court House Lee surrenders to Grant April 9th 1865.
All Other Confederate generals agreed to similar terms in surrender
Reunite the Country and completely end slavery via Reconstruction

3. White Board
What was the political party of Lincoln?

4. Presidential Reconstruction Plan
Lincoln
Andrew Johnson
Restoration Plan 1865
Southerners full rights
Governors appointed in Southern States to set up constitution
Only loyal white southerners could vote
Opposed allowing all Blacks right to vote
Accept South
back to Union
States form New Gov is they abolish Slavery
Southerners Who support union to lead
All Blacks educated would get the right to vote

5. Congressional Reconstruction Plan
Punish Slaveholders
Congress should lead Reconstruction
Blacks needed support
Freedman’s Bureau
Establish Schools
Land and the vote
Passage of the 14th and 15th Amend

6. Reconstruction
Divided the 11 confederate states into 5 military districts
Military commanders can register voters and hold elections
Write new state constitutions which included
suffrage
Ratify 14th amendment
Abolish peonage( paying debt in labor)
Program to reintegrate 11 confed states in the US with a citizen Black population

7. White Board and then discuss
Which plan would have had the best results. Justify your Response.

8. Reconstruction affected political, social, cultural, and economics of the US

9. Political Repercussions
Republicans Control the South
Supremacy of the federal government over States
Blacks were given right to vote Majority in- voted Republican(Only majority 3 states)
Former confederate leaders could not run for office
(Carpet Baggers)- Northerners in South who gained political power (rep)

10. Thirteenth Amendment
Standing in the way of full emancipation was the U.S. Constitution
Process was started on passing an amendment (passed after Lincoln’s death)
Simply stated: “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.”

11. Reconstruction Amendments
th-Ended Slavery
th- All people born in US Citizens
Deny former confederate officials right hold office
th- Prohibit denial of suffrage based on race, color, or from being former slave

12. How did the War and reconstruction change society?
Casualties
620K men died
$15 billion in war costs & damaged property
Destroyed slavery and southern economy
More died of diseases
Southern Whites
Southern White male 18 % population(13- 45) died
Remained angry with reconstruction and elevation of Blacks
Created a sense of White Unity against Blacks

13. Post war Economies Southern lost massive amounts of wealth
Prosperous farm land was destroyed
Wealthy Plantation Owners lost wealth when Slaves (property of Value)became free
Cotton becomes King Again
Share Cropping- 2/3 were Black 1/3 poor Whites
North massive economic Industrial Boom.
Industrial Revolution fueled by European immigrants and Migrant Southern Blacks
Massive source of cheap labor

14. Discuss short term and long term affects of the Black Codes and Jim Crow Laws.

15. The Reconstruction Backlash
angry Southern Whites
Black Codes-laws passed in south restricting Blacks freedom.
Forced them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt.
Refusal of Seeing blacks as equals
Formed KKK 1866
Former Confederate troops
attack Blacks and Liberal Republicans
Scared Blacks to not vote or demand rights
Force the Federal Gov to send More troops regain order

16. Post Reconstructions Federal support for reconstruction Ended
Troops pulled out 1877 under President Hayes
Southern whites regain political and Economic Control
Jim Crow Laws- local and state laws segregation and inequality of Blacks and whites
Blacks were denied basic rights
South stayed deeply divided and unequal until civil rights movement of the 1960’s

17. White Board
Make a list of 3 pros and 3 cons of Reconstruction.

18. Reconstruction Pros America was United
All southern states drafted new constitutions
ratified the amendments 13-15
Civil Rights act of all born are equal citizens
Civil War and Reconstruction settled the states’ rights vs. federalism debate
As one historian noted, the United States before the Civil War were a country, but the United States after the war was a nation.
Civil Rights Act end discrimination in social and in public places (not followed)

19. Failures of Reconstruction
swift changes in political power in the South rendered most of the legislation passed useless
Removal of federal troops allow Confed and slave owners to regain power
return to the policy of the old South
Southern politicians passed black codes
voter qualifications laws (poll tax, reading test)
Sharecropping system to thrived
Keeping the poor indebted to land owner
northerners tired of Reconstruction
lost interest in supporting black civil rights
black civil liberties and racial equality set aside to put the Union back together