1. Unit 2 Day 5 Tecumseh’s Confederacy Quote: “John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it.” - President Andrew Jackson (1829-1837) Focus Question(s): Why did conflict exist between settlers and native peoples? How were these conflicts addressed? Specified Content: Tecumseh’s Confederacy, Indian Removal Act, Trail of Tears, Black Hawk War State Standards: Strand 1: Concept 5 PO 4 (Describe the impact of European-American expansion on native peoples.)

2. Tecumseh’s Confederacy As the US expanded to the West the settlers began to push the Natives out of their way. Around 1809, a Shawnee leader (Tecumseh) believed the only way to resist was to form a confederacy.

3. Aided by weapons from the British, Tecumseh’s Confederacy and the US go to war. The Confederacy is defeated and Tecumseh is killed in 1813.

4. Many people believed that the settlers and Natives needed to be kept separate and that they could not live in peace. In 1830 Congress passed the Indian Removal Act forcing Natives to move west of the Mississippi River.

5. The Cherokee sued to keep their land and in Worcester v. Georgia the US Supreme Court ruled that the Cherokee could keep their land. The government ignored the Court and in what became known as the Trail of Tears the Cherokee were relocated to Indian Territory (Oklahoma).

6. The last major confrontation with Natives east of the Mississippi River will occur when Chief Black Hawk of the Sauk leads his people in rebellion against the US. The Black Hawk War ends in defeat for the natives and they will be forced west of the Mississippi.

7. Activity Write the following questions: 1.Who was the author of this work? 2.Who was the audience of this work? 3.What was the purpose of this work? 4.How does this work make you feel?

8. The Trail of Tears, by Robert Lindneux, 1942