1. is defined as Antagonist Protagonist a person or force in society or nature that opposes the protagonist. The antagonist is NOT always bad or evil. the central character in a lit. work around whom the main conflict revolves. The protagonist is NOT always a “good” or “moral” character.

2. is defined as Foil Theme a character who provides a strong contrast to another character. The characters may or may not oppose one another. the main idea or message of a lit. work. What are you supposed to learn? What observation about life or people are you supposed to have made? NOT one word – is stated in a sentence

3. is defined as Internal Conflict External Conflict occurs when a character struggles against an outside force (man, nature, society) conflict that exists within the mind of a character who is torn between different courses of action.

4. is defined as Dramatic Irony Situational Irony occurs when the reader knows something that a character does not know. irony that occurs when the outcome is the opposite of what is expected.

5. is defined as Verbal Irony Setting Time & place in which the events of a lit. work take place. Remember, “time” may be day/week/month/year, a particular century (past/present/future), a stage in a character’s life (youth/middle age/elder years), etc. irony where one person says one thing and means another OR when what is said may be interpreted two different ways.

6. is defined as Biography Autobiography the story of a person’s life written by that person the story of a person’s life written by someone else.

7. is defined as Anecdote Memoir a brief, true account of an interesting incident. a type of nonfiction that presents a period of time in a person’s life and is written from first person point of view.

8. is defined as Flashback Symbol an earlier episode is presented to give the reader needed information about the current events of the plot an object, person, place or experience that represents something else, usually abstract. Ex. Dove = Peace. Remember, some symbols are universal or story-specific.

9. is defined as Round Character Flat Character displays only one (or possibly two) dominant personality trait. Think of a flat piece of white paper character who shows numerous and varied traits. Think of a basketball

10. is defined as Static Character Dynamic Character a character who evolves and changes during the course of a lit. work. Think of dynamite a character who remains the same throughout a lit. work. Think of static cling - sock

11. is defined as Allusion Narrator the one who tells the story. An unreliable narrator may exist when he/she is unaware of everything that is happening in the story, when he/she lies to the reader, or when he/she is mentally unstable. a reference in a work of lit. to a character, place, or situation from another work of lit., history, entertainment, politics, etc. that most people will know.

12. is defined as Hyperbole Exaggeration used for emphasis and/or humorous effect