1. APUSH Lecture 2E (covers chapter 7) Ms. Kray

2. Jefferson honors Washington’s 2-term tradition Jefferson honors Washington’s 2-term tradition Supports protégé James Madison Supports protégé James Madison Madison (Dem.- Rep.) wins the presidency but Federalists gain control of Congress Madison (Dem.- Rep.) wins the presidency but Federalists gain control of Congress Widespread unhappiness due to Embargo Widespread unhappiness due to Embargo

4. 1. Violation of U.S. neutrality Needed free trade for our survival Needed free trade for our survival Impressments** Impressments** 2. Trouble w/Britain on our western frontier 3. Other Factors: General sympathy for France General sympathy for France Desire for territorial expansion Desire for territorial expansion

5. Non-Intercourse Act, 1809 Non-Intercourse Act, 1809 Americans can trade with any nation EXCEPT Britain and France Americans can trade with any nation EXCEPT Britain and France Macon’s Bill No. 2 Macon’s Bill No. 2 U.S. economy still hurting (effects of the embargo, Non-Intercourse Act) U.S. economy still hurting (effects of the embargo, Non-Intercourse Act) Bill would restore trade with Britain OR France as soon as one of the nations agreed to honor U.S. neutrality Bill would restore trade with Britain OR France as soon as one of the nations agreed to honor U.S. neutrality It would also prohibit trade with that nation’s enemy It would also prohibit trade with that nation’s enemy Napoleon promised first, so we go with France but he lied Napoleon promised first, so we go with France but he lied

6. British looking for Allies, feared U.S. invasion of Canada British looking for Allies, feared U.S. invasion of Canada 1811: Battle of Tippecanoe 1811: Battle of Tippecanoe Indian Chieftain Tecumseh and his brother The Profit tried to unite all tribes east of the Mississippi to stop white encroachment Indian Chieftain Tecumseh and his brother The Profit tried to unite all tribes east of the Mississippi to stop white encroachment William Henry Harrison, Governor of Indiana Territory destroys Indian headquarters at Profittown William Henry Harrison, Governor of Indiana Territory destroys Indian headquarters at Profittown Ended Tecumseh’s efforts to form an Indian Confederacy Ended Tecumseh’s efforts to form an Indian Confederacy U.S. decides frontier will never be safe as long as Brits in Canada U.S. decides frontier will never be safe as long as Brits in Canada Engraving of British General Brock meeting with Tecumseh

7. Members of both political parties Members of both political parties Eager for war with Great Britain Eager for war with Great Britain Gained significant influence in the House of Rep. after 1810 Gained significant influence in the House of Rep. after 1810 Goals: Goals: Territorial expansion: Canada & Florida Territorial expansion: Canada & Florida Protect the frontier from Indian attacks Protect the frontier from Indian attacks Defend our national honor Defend our national honor

9.  Finally persuaded Madison to seek a declaration of war but nation was divided  Irony: Neither country really wanted war British delays in meeting U.S. demands over neutral rights Political pressures from the war hawk Congress

11. Madison was re-elected Madison was re-elected But election showed there was division in the country over the war But election showed there was division in the country over the war

12. NE Merchants Suffered significant loss in trade Protestant background made them more sympathetic to Brits than Catholic French Federalists Opposed on principle Viewed war as Republican scheme to grab land (Canada & Florida) to increase their voting strength “Quids” Felt war violated classic Republican commitment to limited federal power and to maintenance of peace

13. British advantage: overwhelming military superiority British advantage: overwhelming military superiority Strategy: Hope Napoleon wars continue Strategy: Hope Napoleon wars continue British military would be divided & pre- occupied so they won’t be focused on war with us British military would be divided & pre- occupied so they won’t be focused on war with us Invade Canada Invade Canada

14. Complete failure. Other invasion efforts also failed. Complete failure. Other invasion efforts also failed.

15. By 1813, British navy was less preoccupied w/Napoleon and began effectively counterattacking our privateers By 1813, British navy was less preoccupied w/Napoleon and began effectively counterattacking our privateers

16. Capt. Oliver Hazard Perry was victorious and gained control of Lake Erie. We had also gained control of Lake Ontario.

17. Gen. Andrew Jackson defeated the Creek Indians Gen. Andrew Jackson defeated the Creek Indians

18. 1814  Napoleon was defeated. 1814  Napoleon was defeated. British could focus full attention on U.S. British could focus full attention on U.S. August 24, 1814 British troops entered Washington D.C. and burned the White House August 24, 1814 British troops entered Washington D.C. and burned the White House

19. Francis Scott Key wrote the Star Spangled Banner “Oh Say Can You See, By the Dawn’s Early Light...”

20. Gen. Andrew Jackson led us to victory Gen. Andrew Jackson led us to victory Fought 2 wks AFTER peace treaty was signed Fought 2 wks AFTER peace treaty was signed

21. Returned all conquered territory to prewar claimants Returned all conquered territory to prewar claimants Recognized pre-war boundary between Canada & U.S. Recognized pre-war boundary between Canada & U.S. We’re winners b/c we didn’t lose any territory!!! We’re winners b/c we didn’t lose any territory!!! Terms very favorable to U.S. why? Terms very favorable to U.S. why? British tired of war British tired of war

22. U.S. gained respect of other nations U.S. gained respect of other nations We survived war with Britain, not once but twice!! We survived war with Britain, not once but twice!! Our 2 nd War for Independence Our 2 nd War for Independence U.S. accepted existence of Canada U.S. accepted existence of Canada Rush-Bagot Agreement 1817 – disarmed Great Lakes Federalist party ended as a nationalist force Federalist party ended as a nationalist force Hartford Convention set the precedent for nullification & session of the South Hartford Convention set the precedent for nullification & session of the South Native Americans were abandoned by the Br. & forced to surrender large chunks of territory Native Americans were abandoned by the Br. & forced to surrender large chunks of territory

24. British blockade & Jefferson’s embargo moved us towards economic self-sufficiency British blockade & Jefferson’s embargo moved us towards economic self-sufficiency Ushered in an era of intense patriotism and nationalist feeling Ushered in an era of intense patriotism and nationalist feeling Era of Good Feelings Era of Good Feelings Belief our future lay to the west Belief our future lay to the west Advanced the career of Andrew Jackson Advanced the career of Andrew Jackson Hero of New Orleans and Horseshoe Bend Hero of New Orleans and Horseshoe Bend