1. OBJECTIVE: HOW AND WHY DO PEOPLE/SCIENTISTS MANIPULATE DNA IN LIVING CELLS? Genetic Engineering

2. Selective Breeding The “Slow” way to genetically engineer. Takes advantage of naturally occurring genetic variation. Breeding passes on desired traits Hybridization: crossing similar organisms to bring out desired traits

3. Selective Breeding

5. Inbreeding: Breeding organisms with the certain desired char

6. Selective Breeding https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rW54 _vM9SF0

7. Changing DNA Recombinant DNA: DNA molecules created in the lab and inserting into a different organisms DNA Characteristics are transferred via genes

8. GM: The Simple Steps selection of the desired characteristic isolation of the gene responsible for the characteristic insertion of the gene into another organism replication of the transgenic organismtransgenic

9. GM Insulin

10. Gm Tissue Culture Method for tissue culture: take explants from the parent plant transfer to plates containing sterile agar jelly add plant hormones to stimulate the plant cells to divide cells grow rapidly into small masses of plant tissue add more plant hormones to stimulate the growth of roots and stems transfer the plantlets into potting trays, where they develop into plants

11. GM Plants

12. GM via PCR 1. Obtain DNA molecule 2. Heat DNA to separate strands 3. Lower temp and add new DNA fragments 4. Add DNA polymerase to start the copying process. 5. Create thousands of new copies…

13. Transgenic Life

14. Review https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JMPE5wlB3Zk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2G-yUuiqIZ0