1. KEY CONCEPT The immune system has many responses to pathogens and foreign cells.

2. The job of the immune systems is to fight off pathogens & infections.
Skin is a physical barrier to infection.
Mucous Membranes trap pathogens entering the body.

3. Two nonspecific responses.
Inflammation - blood vessels become leaky.
characterized by swelling, redness, and pain
Fever - body temperature increases
Low fevers stimulate white blood cells to mature.

4. Cells of the immune system produce SPECIFIC RESPONSES
Specific Immune response:
Antigens are surface proteins on pathogens.
Each pathogen has a different antigen.
antigens

5. White Blood Cells attack infections inside the body.
Phagocytes engulf and destroy pathogens.
T cells destroy infected cells.
B cells produce antibodies.
Antibodies make pathogens ineffective.

6. There are 2 specific immune responses.
pathogen
antigens
T cell
receptors
activated T cells
memory T cells
Cellular Immunity T-cells to destroy infected body cells.

8. Antibody Immunity B-cells produce antibodies.
memory B cells
activated B cells
antibodies
B cell
T cell
pathogen

9. Both responses produce memory cells

10. Vaccines Allow person to acquire immunity without contracting disease
Contain the antigen of a weakened pathogen
Does not cure a person who is sick

11. Vaccination provides immunity.
Antigens in a vaccine trigger an immune response, and memory B cells are made. 1
memory B cells
stimulates a specific immune response
causes memory B & T cells to be produced
allows immune system to respond quickly to infection next time
has such a fast response, a person will not get sick
A memory B cell is stimulated when the real pathogen binds to it. 2
The B cell quickly activates and makes antibodies that fight the pathogens before you get sick. 3