1. The American Revolution

2. Vocabulary *Duty – tax charged on product coming into a country *Militia – go read page 10 in packet *Grievance – Complaint or problem People: *Patrick Henry – famous Virginia lawyer who challenged new taxes Quote  “give me liberty or give me death” *Benjamin Franklin (see notes) – Negotiated the Treaty of Alliance with France to help colonists win war

3. Role of the 13 Colonies Colonies Job of colonies to grow/sell Britain raw materials (Fish, fur & cash crops  cotton, tobacco, indigo) Colonists bought finished/manufactured goods (furniture, utensils, books, tea, dishes) from Britain

4. Problems between Britain and colonies French and Indian War ▫French & Indians v. British and Colonists ▫Fighting for control of land in Ohio Valley ▫British and Colonists WIN  Ended with Treaty of Paris  Britain got all North America EAST of the Mississippi Proclamation of 1763 ▫Bans colonial settlement WEST of the Appalachian Mtns.

5. Problems between Britain and colonies Britain creates new taxes ▫Sugar Act ▫Stamp Act  Legal document  License  Newspaper  Pamphlet  Almanac  Playing cards  Dice ▫Townshend Act

6. Colonies React… ▫Colonists considered themselves Englishmen & had basic rights ▫King & parliament can’t tax colonies b/c colonies have no delegate (representative) in Parliament (“no taxation without representation”) Boston Massacre Boston Tea Party First Continental Congress

7. Colonies React Boston Massacre ▫Who: British soldiers v. Colonists ▫What: Armed (British) conflict ▫When: March 5, 1770 ▫Where: Customs House, Boston, Massachusetts ▫Why: Soldiers competing with colonists for jobs  Used as PROPAGANDA

8. Colonies React Boston Tea Party ▫Who: Colonial Rebels (dressed as Indians) ▫What: Threw tea overboard ▫When: December 1773 ▫Where: Boston Harbor, Boston Massachusetts ▫Why: To protest inferior tea and taxes

9. Colonies React First Continental Congress ▫Who: 56 delegates from the colonies ▫What: Met to create a Declaration of Rights ▫When: September, 1774 ▫Where: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ▫Why: To discuss what to do about unfair treatment by the British

10. New Ideas Influence the colonists… John Locke ▫Self – govt  (ppl elect themselves to create govt) ▫All people are free & equal & have  Natural rights (life, liberty & property ruler cannot take away) ▫Social Contract (the people are the govt) ▫Govt powers are limited ▫If Govt goes bad  ppl can change or overthrow govt ▫**CRAZY & RADICAL IDEAS!**

11. New Ideas Influence the colonists… Thomas Paine ▫English immigrant to America ▫Wrote Common Sense  50 pg pamphlet challenging rule of colonies by King George III  Paine listed reasons why colonist should be free & independence was America’s destiny ▫Used as PROPAGANDA!  Common Sense read by many & helped overcome doubt about separating from Britain

12. Revolutionary War Begins… Lexington & Concord ▫First shots fired ▫Beginning of American Revolution Second Continental Congress ▫Philadelphia, Summer 1776 ▫Drew up the Declaration of Independence Declaration of Independence ▫Declared American independence from Britain

13. Declaration of Independence – Key Principles Equality ▫Voting rights ▫Public education ▫Equal before the law  (due process) Pursuit of Happiness ▫You chose your job ▫Govt has few rules for creating new business/product ▫You have the right to own property (house, car, etc.) Liberty ▫No slavery ▫Equal rights to all groups

14. People of the Revolution Loyalists ▫Remained loyal to Britain b/c of cultural & economic ties ▫New taxes ok b/c British had to raise $$ to protect colonists ▫In Britain there was NOT a lot of support of the war (thought they would win & waste of time & money) Neutrals ▫About 1/3 of colonist did NOT pick a side & stayed uninvolved Patriot ▫Complete independence ▫Inspired by Patrick Henry  “Give me liberty or give me death!” ▫Considered loyalists traitors

15. Events of War for Independence George Washington Battle of Saratoga (New York) Treaty of Alliance Battle of Yorktown Treaty of Paris

16. Americans WIN War HOW??? Benjamin Franklin ▫Ben negotiated Treaty of alliance with France in 1778. ▫France sent troops & supplies to help Americans win. ▫War did NOT have popular support in Britain. George Washington ▫George kept his army moving & tried to avoid defeat. ▫His leadership & determination kept the American cause alive even when defeat seemed inevitable. French Army and Navy ▫French navy blocked the Atlantic Ocean so British could not escape. ▫Due to the French & Treaty of Alliance  Americans WIN war for independence