1. Julie Mullins-Turner AHSGE Test Vocabulary Language Julie Mullins-Turner

2. Vivid Details Details that appeal to the senses and help the reader see, feel, smell, taste, and hear the subject being written about.

3. Julie Mullins-Turner Vivid Verbs oWhenever possible, use a verb that is strong enough to stand alone without the help of an adverb. oAvoid overusing the “be” verbs. oUse active rather than passive verbs. oUse verbs that show rather than tell.

4. Julie Mullins-Turner Clarity Writing in a manner in which the reader understands the basic meaning.

5. Julie Mullins-Turner Verbal A verbal is a form of a verb that works in a sentence as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb.

6. Julie Mullins-Turner Indefinite Pronoun An indefinite pronoun refers to persons, places or things in a more general way. Indefinite pronouns do not have clear antecedents.

7. Julie Mullins-Turner Reflexive Pronoun A reflexive pronoun refers to a noun or another pronoun and indicates that the same person or thing is involved. Example: I almost exhausted myself working for her in the campaign.

8. Julie Mullins-Turner Antecedent The word or group of words that a pronoun replaces is called its antecedent.

9. Julie Mullins-Turner Active Voice An action verb is in the active voice when the subject of the sentence performs the action.

10. Julie Mullins-Turner Passive Voice An action verb is in the passive voice when its action is performed on the subject.

11. Julie Mullins-Turner Regular Verbs Most verbs are regular verbs. If the past tense and past participle of a verb both end in –ed it is called a regular verb.

12. Julie Mullins-Turner Irregular Verbs An irregular verb is a verb that does not form its past and past participle by adding –ed to the basic verb.

13. Julie Mullins-Turner Collective Noun A collective noun names a group of people or things. Examples: the classthe faculty the teamthe flock

14. Julie Mullins-Turner Appositive An appositive is a noun or pronoun (sometimes with modifiers) that is placed next to another noun or pronoun to identify it or to give additional information about it.

15. Julie Mullins-Turner Misplaced Participle A misplaced participle modifies the wrong noun or pronoun in a sentence.

16. Julie Mullins-Turner Clichés A cliché is an overused word or phrase that springs quickly to mind but just as quickly bores the user and audience. Examples: as cold as ice a fish out of water

17. Julie Mullins-Turner Correlative Conjunctions Correlative Conjunctions compare or contrast two ideas in a sentence. Correlative conjunctions are used in pairs (either, or; neither, nor; not only, but also; both, and; whether, or; as, so).

18. Julie Mullins-Turner Jargon Jargon is language used in a certain profession or by a particular group of people. It is usually very technical and not natural at all.

19. Julie Mullins-Turner Redundancy Redundancy occurs when words (or synonyms for words) are repeated unnecessarily to add emphasis or to fill up space.

20. Julie Mullins-Turner Formal Language Most academic writing should meet the standards of formal language. This level of language is characterized by a serious tone, a careful attention to word choice, longer sentences, a strict adherence to traditional conventions and so on.

21. Julie Mullins-Turner Informal Language Informal English is characterized by a personal tone, the occasional use of popular expressions, shorter sentences, the use of contractions and personal references.

22. Julie Mullins-Turner Comma Splice A comma splice is a mistake made when two independent clauses are connected (spliced) with only a comma.

23. Julie Mullins-Turner Parallelism This means that similar ideas are expressed in similar form, which makes it easier for the reader to recognize the similar ideas you are trying to express.

24. Julie Mullins-Turner Transitional Words Transitional words are often used to introduce related topics. Examples: First, second, third, to illustrate, for instance, also, in addition

25. Julie Mullins-Turner Sentence Structure Sentences are classified by structure in one of four ways: simple, compound, complex, and compound- complex sentences.

26. Julie Mullins-Turner Dangling Modifier A dangling modifier is a phrase or clause that comes at the beginning of a sentence but does not modify (describe) the subject in the sentence.

27. Julie Mullins-Turner Modifiers Modifiers are adjectives.

28. Julie Mullins-Turner Intervening Phrase A phrase that interrupts a sentence.

29. Julie Mullins-Turner Irrelevant Sentences A sentence that does not belong in a paragraph.

30. Julie Mullins-Turner Verb Shifts Shifts in verb tense within a passage.

31. Julie Mullins-Turner Verbiage Wordiness

32. Julie Mullins-Turner Precise Definite; exact