2. Chapter 2 Review

3. Definition Of Terms Basic Chemistry 100 Pictures And Diagrams Organic Chemistry Water Chemistry Related to YOU! 500 400 300 200 100 200 300 400 500 400 300 200 100 Final Jeopardy

4. Name for molecules containing carbon and generally derived from living things Back ANSWER: What are organic compounds?

5. Proteins that catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions in living things Back ANSWER: What are enzymes?

6. The most basic form of a substance that can not be broken down chemically into simpler substances. Back ANSWER: What is an element?

7. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons Back ANSWER: What is an isotope?

8. Chemical bond between two ions of opposite charge Back ANSWER: What is ionic?

9. The subatomic particles of an atom Back ANSWER: What are protons, neutrons, and electrons? Basics of Biochemistry 100pts

10. Hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon are examples of these. Back ANSWER: What are elements? Basics of Biochemistry 200pts

11. Back Atoms lose, gain or share these to form chemical bonds ANSWER: What are electrons? Basics of Biochemistry 300pts

12. Type of chemical bond that forms when two atoms share electrons Back ANSWER: What is covalent? Basics of Biochemistry 400pts

13. The reactants in the following chemical equation: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O Back ANSWER: What are glucose and oxygen Basics of Biochemistry 500pts

14. Water beads on freshly waxed cars is an example of this. Back ANSWER: What is cohesion? Water 100

15. The ability of water to move upwards against gravity through fine pores; water moving up the stem of a plant to the leaves is an example Back ANSWER: What is capillary action? Water 200

16. The cooling effect of perspiration as it evaporates from your skin Back ANSWER: What is evaporative cooling? Water 300

17. Back Weak bonds that forms between water molecules as a result of polarity ANSWER: What are hydrogen bonds Water 400

18. The main reason why water exhibits cohesion, adhesion, capillary action, and surface tension Back ANSWER: What is… water’s polarity? Water 500

19. The four organic compounds Back ANSWER: What are proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids? Organic Chemistry 100

20. The monomers of proteins Back ANSWER: What are amino acids? Organic Chemistry 200

21. Starch, glucose, and cellulose are examples of this type of organic compound Back ANSWER: What are carbohydrates? Organic Chemistry 300

22. Movement, structure, defense, regulation, nutrition and transport are some of the many functions of these molecules Back ANSWER: What are proteins? Organic Chemistry 400

23. Back ANSWER: What are fats (lipids)? Long-term storage of glucose occurs in this form Organic Chemistry 500

24. The way your body maintains homeostasis when it is too hot or too cold Back ANSWER: What is sweating or shivering? Related to You 100

25. Starch in food could not be broken down into glucose without this protein Back ANSWER: What is amylase? Related to You 200

26. The reason metals like mercury are dangerous to organisms. Back ANSWER: What is metals inhibit the function of enzymes? Related to You! 300

27. Back The reason pepsin is found in the stomach and trypsin is found in the small intestines. ANSWER: What is …the stomach is acidic and the small intestine is basic? Related to You! 400

28. The reason some cereals will yield both a positive Iodine (IKI) and Benedict’s test Back ANSWER: What is… they have both polysaccharides and monosaccharides in them? Related to You! 500

29. The cause of this… Back ANSWER: What is nitric acid? Pictures and Diagrams 100

30. Back The name of this molecule… ANSWER: What is a polysaccharide (starch, glycogen, cellulose) or a complex carbohydrate? Pictures and Diagrams 200

31. The conclusion based on this data… Back ANSWER: What is …the more dilute amylase is the more starch will be found or vise versa? Pictures and Diagrams 300 Results of Test Using Varying Dilutions of the Enzyme Dilution of 5ml of Starch Iodine Test Results + 1 drop of amylaseBlue (+++) + 5 drops of amylaseBlue (++) + 10 drops of amylaseLightest Blue (+) + 20 drops of amylaseNo Blue (-) No amylaseDarkest blue (++++)

32. This triggers the uptake of glucose by cells Back ANSWER: What is insulin? Pictures and Diagrams 400

33. An explanation of what happens to starch when Cl- or NaCl concentration increases. Back ANSWER: What is …starch is digested faster. Pictures and Diagrams 400

34. One reason (based on enzymes and pH) that you should not drink substances such as bleach. Back ANSWER: What is… Most enzymes function at a neutral pH. Too high or too low of a pH will denature the enzyme and it will not function properly. Bleach has a very high pH.