1. Chapter 1/ Sec. 2 (Theories)

2. A theory - an orderly, integrated set of statements that are cohesive; the statements describe, explain, and predict human behavior. Helps us understand, describe, respond & predict…

3. The Classic Theories Psychodynamic Theories: i. Sigmund Freud ii. Erik Erikson Constructivist Theories: i. Jean Piaget ii. Lev Vygotsky

4. Recent Theories Systems Theories: i. Urie Bronfenbrenner

5. Category: Classic Theory Sub-Category: Psychodynamic Theory Theorist: Erik Erikson Name of theory: Psychosocial Theory

6. Trust vs. Mistrust: Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt: Initiative vs. Guilt: Industry vs. Inferiority: Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence): Intimacy vs. Isolation (Early Adulthood): Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Adulthood): Ego Integrity vs. Despair (Later Adulthood):

7. Category: Classic Theory Sub-Category: Constructivist Theory Theorist: Jean Piaget Name of theory: Cognitive Theory

8. Stages (refer to Table 1.3, p. 24) Sensorimotor Pre-Operational Concrete operational Formal operational

9. Terms Schemes- any action pattern (cognitive structure) for dealing with the environment. Assimilation- new information into our existing schemes. Accommodation- when information does not fit into existing scheme; one changes a scheme to adapt to the new information, which may involve creating a new scheme.

10. Category: Classic Theory Sub-Category: Constructivist Theory Theorist: Lev Vygotsky Name of theory: Social Constructivist Theory A Russian Psychologist “Sociocultural theory” of development: Social: Cultural:

11. - Humans have a biological need & capacity for tool use and production. - “Physical tools” = - “psychological tools” = - Psychological tools Includes…

12. Terms: “ZPD” & Scaffolding ZPD Scaffolding Zone of Proximal Development A teaching style which includes…

13. Category: Recent Theory Sub-Category: Systems Theory Theorist: Urie Bronfenbrenner’s Name of theory: Ecological Systems Theory

14. Microsystem Interactions in the child’s immediate environment (daily lives).

15. Mesosystem Exosystem Interactions among various microsystems. Social settings that have an indirect influence on the child...

16. Macrosystem-culture (subculture) values, laws, customs, & economics & government systems. Chronosystem –