1. Motivation and Emotion

2. Theory of emotion that states that first you experience physiological changes, your brain interprets the physiological changes, you feel a specific emotion, an then you demonstrate observable behavior.

3. James-Lange Theory

4. What is the fight-or- flight response and why it it necessary?

5. Response to stress in which you will either stand firm and resolve the situation or flee from it. it is a survival aid. Animals will fight weaker opponents and flee from stronger opponents. In humans, it helps us decide how much stress we can or are willing to endure.

6. What are the components of stress?

7. A stressor is a stress-producing event or situation. Stress reaction is the body’s response to a stressor. Distress is a stress that stems from acute anxiety or pressure. Eustress is positive stress hat results from motivating strivings and challenges.

8. Theory of emotion that states that first you experience activates the hypothalamus, then they hypothalamus sends messages to the cerebral cortex and body organs simultaneously, which results in you feeling an emotion and your body reacting at the same time.

9. Cannon-Bard Theory

10. What is the difference between extrinsic and intrinsic motivation?

11. Extrinsic motivation satisfies a biological need or helps achieve an external incentive. Intrinsic motivation comes from within and fulfills our beliefs and expectations.

12. Theory of motivation proposing that motivation is influenced by forces both inside and outside individuals that energize them to move. Outside influences are called extrinsic motivation, and inside influences are called intrinsic motivation.

13. Cognitive Theory

14. What are the functions of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH?

15. The lateral hypothalamus is the part of the brain that sends signals to tell you to eat. The ventromedial hypothalamus is the part of the brain that sends signals to tell yo when to have enough food.

16. The tendency of all organisms to correct imbalances and deviations form their normal stats is known as _____.

17. Homeostasis. Several of the drives that motivate behavior are homeostatic, such as hunger and thirst.

18. Theory of motivation proposed by William McDougall stressing that humans are motivated by a variety of instincts. Instincts are natural or inherited tendencies of an organism to make specific response to certain environmental stimuli without involving reason. later, physiologists decided that instincts do not explain behavior but simply label it.

19. Instinct Theory

20. Describe how fundamental, psychological, and self-actualization needs differ.

21. Fundamental needs are needs that must be met to sustain life. Psychological needs are needs to belong, to give and receive love, and to acquire self-esteem. Self-actualization needs are needs that allow us to reach our unique potential as humans.

22. Explain the fear of failure

23. While some people are motivated by a need for achievement, others may be motivated by a fear of failure. People display fear of failure when they choose easy or non-challenging tasks in which failure is unlikely or difficult. People who are motivated by teh fear of failure often find excuses to explain poor performances to maintain a good self- image.

24. Theory of emotion that states that you experience physiological arousal, then you interpret (cognitively) environmental cues, feel an emotion, and demonstrate observable behavior.

25. Schachter-Singer experiment