1. Module 2 Oral Health & Disease

2. Definitions Oral Health Prevention –Primary –Secondary –Tertiary

3. Dental Caries Affected tooth tissues Factors –Plaque bacteria –Dietary sugars –Length of time exposed to acid –Saliva –Susceptible tooth surface

4. Dental Caries - Prevention 1.Dietary Modification & Counselling 2.Fluoride toothpaste 3.Interdental cleaning 4.Disclosing agents 5.Stimulating saliva flow 6.Fluoride delivery 7.Regular dental visits

5. Methods of Fluoride Delivery 1.Water fluoridation 2.Toothpaste 3.Mouthwashes 4.Tablets and drops 5.Fluoride gels 6.Fluoride varnishes 7.Fissure sealants

6. Periodontal Diseases Affect: Alveolar bone Cementum Gingiva Periodontal ligament Possible Causes: Oral hygiene Smoking Hormones Diabetes Pregnancy Medications Stress Genetics

7. Gingivitis Red and swollen gums Bleeding gums Bad breath Bad taste in the mouth

8. Periodontitis All the signs of gingivitis Loss of bone Loss of periodontal ligament Loss of cementum Gum recession Loose teeth Drifting of teeth

9. Periodontal Diseases - Prevention Antibacterial toothpaste Antibacterial mouthwashes Removal of plaque retention factors –Tartar –Poorly contoured fillings –Overcrowded teeth –Partial dentures Root surface debridement Regular monitoring

10. Tooth Wear Causes –Erosion –Attrition –Abrasion Prevention

11. Dentine Hypersensitivity Definition Causes –Loss of enamel due to tooth wear –Gum recession –Periodontal diseases –Age –Trauma –Abrasion –Periodontitis Treatment

12. Oral Cancer

13. Regulation of Oral Care Products Cosmetic Products –Cosmetic Products (Safety) Regulations Medicinal Products –General Sales Licence (GSL) –Pharmacy (P) –Prescription Only Medicines (POM)

14. Dental Health Surveys The Adult Dental Health Survey (ADHS) Dental Health Survey of Children & Young People (CDHS) 2009 British Association for the Study of Community Dentistry (BASCD)