1. JAMESTOWN 1607

2. Background  John Cabot – possibly landed in present day Newfoundland, Canada in 1497  Sir Martin Frobisher – Made three voyages searching for a trade route  John Davis – Voyages took him along Greenland  Henry Hudson – Explored for English and Dutch – Made it to Hudson River.  Sir Francis Drake – One of Queen Elizabeth’s top Privateers.

3. Why interested in Colonization?  Privateers wanted a base of operations in the Americas.  Convinced they could find a NW Passage through to the Indies. Supply stations in Americas.  English merchants wanted new markets.  England was overcrowded.

4. Jamestown How?  Businessmen had to get a charter (certificate of permission from the king.)  Allowed formation of joint-stock company (funded and run by a group of investors who share the company’s profits and losses)  1607, 100 colonists sent by VA Comp  Named in honor of King James I

5. Jamestown’s Hardships  Conflict with Indians Powhatan people Powhatan people  Unrealistic Expectations Not use to hard work Not use to hard work Ignored daily tasks Ignored daily tasks  Location Swamps, standing water Swamps, standing water Dysentery, typhus, malaria Dysentery, typhus, malaria

6. Hardships con’t…  Starvation Starving Time Oct 1609-Mar 1610 Starving Time Oct 1609-Mar 1610  Poor Leadership John Smith – emerges as the powerful leader John Smith – emerges as the powerful leader

7. Governing  1624 become a Royal Colony— Governor appointed by the King  Legislature (lawmaking assembly) starting in 1619 made of representatives from the colony.  House of Burgesses, the assembly  First instance of limited self- government in the English colony

8. Tobacco  John Rolfe  Expansion beyond Jamestown-Plantations  Laborers needed “head”=50 acres “head”=50 acres headright system headright system attract new colonists attract new colonists  Indentured Servants Work for a master Work for a master 7 years indenture contract 7 years indenture contract cost of voyage cost of voyage 100,000-150,000 men and women 100,000-150,000 men and women

9. Conflicts with Native Americans  English Pattern of Conquest Harsh attitude toward conquered peoples Harsh attitude toward conquered peoples “Remake culture” “Remake culture” Powhatan Powhatan  Native Americans React 1622, surprise attack 1622, surprise attack Retaliation Retaliation

10. Bacon’s Rebellion  Settlers pushed farther west Buy land Buy land Take land Take land Lead to conflicts with Native AmericansLead to conflicts with Native Americans  Rich planters Royal governor favored them Royal governor favored them Not respond to needs of less powerful Not respond to needs of less powerful  Gov. William Berkley refused to raise troops to protect settlers

11. Bacon’s Rebellion Con’t..  Bacon sympathized with frontiersmen 1676 raised a private army to take land 1676 raised a private army to take land Berkley troops to stop Bacon “rebel” Berkley troops to stop Bacon “rebel” Turned troops on Berkley’s and burned Jamestown—took control Turned troops on Berkley’s and burned Jamestown—took control  Importance: Frustration of frontiersmen with gov’t that support only wealthy planters Frustration of frontiersmen with gov’t that support only wealthy planters Showed poor colonists unwilling to tolerate such a government Showed poor colonists unwilling to tolerate such a government