1. By the Brown Team Module 2

2. Driver Preparation Procedures Always check for small children and pets, fluid leaks, tire inflation, obvious physical damage, and the position of the front tires before entering a vehicle. Approach the driver’s door from the front when parked by a curb and from the back when parked in a parking lot. Sit at least 10 inches away from the steering wheel. Adjust the head restraint slightly above the ears. Make sure 200 feet behind the vehicle is visible when adjusting your mirror. Set the side view mirrors 15 degrees outward to reduce blind spots and glare.

3. Order of Starting Tasks 1. Adjust seat 2. Adjust mirrors 3. Adjust safety belt 4. Check parking brake 5. Place foot on the brake 6. Put key in ignition 7. Make sure gear selector is in “P” or “N” 8. Turn key to “on” position 9. Check alert lights 10. Start the engine 11. Set accessories 12. Check warning lights and gauges

4. “Securing the vehicle” procedures 1. Stop 2. Set the parking brake 3. Place gear selector in Park 4. Turn off accessories 5. Turn off ignition

5. Vehicle Maintenance Check tire pressure weekly Check engine fluids monthly Check air pressure in spare tires every 6 months Change your engine oil every 3000 miles or every 3 months Automatic transmission fluid, brakes, cooling system, steering linkage, and air and fuel filters should be professionally performed every 15,000 miles.

6. Determining Controls When the engine is started, the alert lights will come on and then will go off. That tells you the system is working properly. You can tell if your lights are on high or low beam if the blue high beam indicator is illuminating

7. Functions of Gauges Alternator-checks the electrical system Oil-checks the engine lubricating system Temperature-checks the engine operating temperatures Brake-checks the vehicle braking system

8. The Gear-Shift selector Park- the vehicle will not move Reverse-the vehicle will move backward Neutral-no pulling power, but the tires will roll Drive-used for forward driving in most situations Low1-provides more engine power for hills or uneven terrain Low2-provides extra pulling power for steep hills or pulling heavy loads

9. Vehicle Balance Weight transfer from one side of the vehicle to the other is called roll. Weight transfer that causes the vehicle to “fishtail” is called yaw. Weight transfer to the front of rear of the vehicle is known as pitch. Vehicle weight transfer is caused by change in speed and change in direction. Quick acceleration will result in weight transfer to the rear. Braking results in weight transfer towards the front of the car. Steering to the right will result in weight transfer to the left.

10. Positioning When driving, sit at least 10 inches from the steering wheel The backrest must be straight The left foot should be on the “dead pedal” The right foot should be on the floor Hands should be placed at 8 and 4 or 7 and 5 o’clock

11. Steering Maximum lock to lock steering wheel movement in most modern vehicles is a total of 2.5 to 3 turns Push/pull steering is recommended for most maneuvers because it provides better control, helps the driver maintain vehicle balance, and reduces the chance of too much input to steering.

12. Types of Braking Covering the brake- just placing your right foot over the brake without applying pressure Controlled braking- braking with sufficient pressure to slow the vehicle while maintaining vehicle balance Threshold braking-braking to a point just short of vehicle lockup Trail braking-used to maintain speed and balance. This technique is often used at the end of controlled or threshold braking.

13. Vision Focal vision is used to read or identify distinct objects Central vision is the fringe area around the focal vision. It is used to judge depth and position Peripheral vision is your outer vision fields A target is a fixed object that appears at the end of your path of travel Targeting is maintaining vehicle position by selecting a target well ahead of the vehicle

14. Vision continued The path of travel is where the driver directs and intends for the vehicle to travel The vehicle operating space is the area around the vehicle which is not visible to the driver Traditional mirror settings is the setting in which the view through the side view mirrors overlaps with what is seen in the rearview mirror BGE mirror settings is a blindzone/glare elimination settings

15. BGE advantages Blindzones are greatly reduced. Peripheral vision should detect objects in blind zone Blind zones can be checked with less time needed away from front vision At night, glare from the outside mirrors is virtually eliminated

16. Reference Points A reference point is a part of the vehicle that can be seen by the driver and is used to help the driver determine the position of the vehicle in relation to the roadway. Reference points help the driver in that the driver can determine the exact location of the vehicle of the roadway when parking, turning, establishing lane position, stopping at red lights, etc.

17. Lane Positions There are 5 lane positions. LP1 is in the center of the right half of the roadway. LP2 is to the left of the right half of the roadway. LP3 is to the right of the right half of the roadway LP4 is on the far left of the right half of the roadway LP5 is on the far right of the right half of the roadway