1. PAST PERFECT To show anteriority

2. Form  I had eaten  They had known  We had seen  It hadn’t left  I hadn’t had  Had you seen?  I had eaten  They had known  We had seen  It hadn’t left  I hadn’t had  Had you seen?

3. Use  At 9:00, I went home. I made some supper, watched some TV, and then went to bed. I fell asleep after an hour.  In the simple past, what we write first is what happened first. 1 2 3 4 5

4. Use  I forgot my backpack. I left it at home. I got to school. I realized I didn’t have it.  Sometimes it can be difficult to use the simple past to say this.

5. Use  I got to school and realized I had forgotten my backpack.  We use the past perfect to say that something happened BEFORE another action, even if we say it after! 1 2 3

6. COMPARE  By the time I went to bed, I’d made some supper and had watched some TV. I fell asleep after an hour.  At 9:00, I went home. I made some supper, watched some TV, and then went to bed. I fell asleep after an hour.

7. COMPARE  I forgot my backpack. I left it at home. I got to school. I realized I didn’t have it.  I got to school and realized I had forgotten my backpack.

8. PRACTICE TIME  Practice this pattern.  When I got to school, I ______ already _________________. (past perfect)  By 8:00 last night, I __________________. (past perfect)  I was tired yesterday because I _____________ (past perfect)  Practice this pattern.  When I got to school, I ______ already _________________. (past perfect)  By 8:00 last night, I __________________. (past perfect)  I was tired yesterday because I _____________ (past perfect)

9. Use With When  When I made supper, I had done my homework.  I went to bed when I had brushed my teeth.  When I made supper, I had done my homework.  I went to bed when I had brushed my teeth.  After I did homework, I made supper.  Before I went to bed, I brushed my teeth. As you can see, “when” doesn’t tell us much about time.

10. Questions answered in this presentation 1.What does the past perfect look like? 2.When do we use it? 3.How is it different from the simple past? 4.How can it be useful? 1.What does the past perfect look like? 2.When do we use it? 3.How is it different from the simple past? 4.How can it be useful?