1. PowerPoint™ Presentations prepared by: Naomi Young University of California, San Diego Human Communication: The Basic Course Twelfth Edition Joseph A. DeVito Hunter College of the City University of New York

2. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Chapter Nine: Friends, Lovers, and Families

3. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 Chapter Goals Learn About:   The types and functions of friendship, love, and family relationships   The ways in which culture and technology impact on relationships of all types Learn To:   Interact in interpersonal relationships in ways that are appropriate to the type of relationship   Take greater control of what influences your relationship life Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

4.  An interpersonal relationship  Must be mutually productive  Characterized by mutual positive regard Friendships

5. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.  Reciprocity Loyalty, self-sacrifice, mutual affection, generosity  Receptivity One person primary giver and one the primary receiver  Association Transitory, friendly relationship Friendship Types

6. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Friendships  They are an interpersonal relationship  Must be mutually productive  Are characterized by mutual positive regard  Primary goal of interaction among college students

7. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Friendship Types oThe friendship of reciprocity oThe friendship of receptivity oThe friendship of association oNeeds that friends serve: Utility Affirmation Ego support Stimulation Security

8. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Friendship and Communication  Initial contact and acquaintanceship  Casual friendship  Close and intimate friendship

9. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Culture and Friendships  Collectivist Culture –Friendships are closer  Individualistic Culture –Less supportive of the development of close friendships

10. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. oGender influences who becomes your friend and the way you look at friendships Gender and Friendships Women More Affectional Behaviors Rate Same Sex Friendships Higher Men Built Around Shared Activities Rate Opposite Sex Friendships Higher

11. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Technology and Friendships  Online interpersonal relationships are on the increase  Commercial websites make it easy to develop online relationships  Students meeting on sites such as Facebook and Twitter  Network Convergence

12. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Love Types   Eros – Beauty and sexuality   Ludus – Entertainment and excitement   Storge – Peaceful and slow   Pragma – Patient and traditional   Mania – Elation and depression   Agape – Compassionate and selfless

13. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. oExaggeration of virtues; minimize faults oShared emotional, physical experiences and courtesy o“personalized communication” o Use of personal idioms (and pet names)—words, o(Hopper, Knapp, & Scott 1981) oEngage in significant self-disclosure oMore confirmation and less disconfirmation Love and Communication

14. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Culture and Love : oCollectivistic cultures - likely to spread love over a large network of relatives oIndividualist cultures - place emphasis on romantic love and individual fulfillment oRomanticism - increases based on amount of choice in selecting a partner Love, Culture, Gender and Technology

15. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Gender and Love  Differences between men and women in love are great  Males and females in love, portrayed differently in poetry, novels, mass media  Women are portrayed as intense and emotional  Men are depicted as logical; love with detachment

16. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. In the United States, the differences between men and women in love are considered great Gender and Love Men More Emphasis on Romance Score Higher on Erotic and Ludic Love Women Portrayed as Emotional Score Higher on Manic, Pragmatic, & Stogic Love

17. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Technology and Love Advantages  Avoid potential physical violence  Avoid potential sexually transmitted disease  Empowers those with disabilities or who are disfigured Disadvantages  Not being able to see the person  Not being able to hear the person’s voice  People can present a false sense of self

18. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Types of Families  Traditional Couples  Independent/cohabitant, Single- parent, gay male or lesbian (“domestic partners”)  Separate couples

19. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

20. Family Characteristics oDefined roles oRecognition of responsibilities oShared history and future oShared living space

21. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Families and Communication o Equality o Balanced split o Unbalanced split o Monopoly Primary Relationship—partners see as their most important interpersonal relationship

22. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Families, Culture, Gender, and Technology Culture, Gender and Families  Voluntary Relationships  Arranged Relationships  Religion and Marriage  Culture and Marriage  Heterosexual Relationships  Gay and Lesbian Relationships Technology and Families  Greatly changed communication among members  Parents and children to keep in touch for emergencies and chats for emergencies and chats  Increased generational conflict between children and parents (Rhee & Kim, 2004)

23. Copyright ©2012, 2009, 2006 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Knowledge to Action What commonalities do you see between friendship, romantic, and family relationships? What impact does technology have on family?