1. Climate

2. Climate Weather: short-term condition of the atmosphere
Climate: Average weather conditions over many years
What defines the climate of an area:
a. Avg. temp.
b. Avg. precip.
c. Annual distribution of temp and precip.

4. Factors that Affect Climate

5. As latitude increases the average annual temperature decreases.
How does latitude
affect climate?
As latitude increases the average
annual temperature decreases.
(Due to the relationships
between angle, intensity and
duration of insolation to
Temperature)

6. Water __________ the temperature. _______ summers and _______ winters.
How does closeness to a large
body of water affect climate?
Water __________ the temperature.
_______ summers and _______ winters.
moderates
Cooler
Warmer
Cities A & B are located
at the same latitude.
City B is closer to a large body of water.
Its temperature line is flatter (moderated).

7. Closeness to Large Bodies of Water

8. Windward Side: ___________ Leeward Side: _____________
How does the
Orographic/Mountain Effect
affect climate?
Windward Side: ___________
Leeward Side: _____________
cool, moist
warm, dry

9. Orographic Effect

10. A GOOD EXAMPLE OF NYS LIFT
Lake Effect Snow:
Cold air behind a polar air mass blows across a large lake (NW->SE or W->E)
Relatively warm, moist air is picked up into the atmosphere
Elevation forces air up, which brings the temp to the dewpoint
Heavy snowfall results, typically in bands

11. Orographic Effect

12. The leeward sides of the Adirondacks & Catskills receive much less precipitation
The windward sides of the Adirondacks & Catskills receive a great deal more precipitation

13. As elevation ____________ the average annual temperature __________.
How does elevation
affect climate?
As elevation ____________ the average
annual temperature __________.
increases
decreases
Temperature
Elevation

14. Elevation

15. We live in the troposphere. Temperature decreases
Elevation
Page 14 of the ESRTs
We live in the troposphere. Temperature decreases
with elevation.

16. Warm Currents: warmer climate Cold Currents: cooler climate
How do ocean currents
affect climate?
Warm Currents: warmer climate
Cold Currents: cooler climate

17. Ocean Currents
ESRT PAGE 4

18. The Gulf Stream

19. Planetary Wind Belts ESRT page 14
The eastern coast of N.A. is rarely affected by the warm waters of the Gulf stream because the prevailing winds come off of the land- affects weather patterns
Within the wind belts, there are regions of rising air currents (low-pressure) and sinking air currents (high-pressure)

21. Typical in desert or arid regions What Is a Monsoon? - YouTube
Monsoons
Monsoons: Winds off the ocean that bring rainy weather to a region for a long period of time
Typical in desert or arid regions
What Is a Monsoon? - YouTube

22. Typical Storm Tracks
Storms typically follow certain tracks(go from SW to NE), influenced by the prevailing southwesterly winds over North America

24. Visualizations
Climate Zones
How Nature Records Climate