Colonialism in North America Ms. Hunt Unit 2 RMS IB

Reasons for European Exploration and Colonization 1. Renaissance: curiosity about other lands and peoples. 2. Reformation: refugees & missionaries wish to spread Christianity 3. Money, money, money, money, money. New source of revenue for monarchs and wealthy merchants 4. Fame and fortune by claiming new lands Does this sound familiar?!

Sir Francis Drake The first Englishman to sail around the world. – Drake's successful battles against the Spanish helped England become very powerful. Francis Drake raided the Spanish treasure fleets. – He brought gold and jewels home to England. – When the Spanish complained to Queen Elizabeth, she knighted him “Sir Francis Drake”! – He was a pirate with permission.

Sir Francis Drake TURN AND TALK! -Why do you think he wanted to be painted with his hand on a globe? -What does this image tell us about European attitudes?

John Cabot Italian-born but sailed for the English Landed in Canada in 1497 – Mission's purpose- to search for a Northwest passage across North America to Asia Explored the Canadian coastline and named many of its islands and capes Claimed the land for England

Jacques Cartier Wanted to find a Northwest Passage to India and the Spice Islands – April 1534: King Francis of France funded his first solo expedition He wanted to sell watches as his family was wealthy French merchants

Samuel de Champlain French explorer and navigator Mapped much of northeastern North America Started a settlement in Quebec – led 32 colonists to settle Quebec in order to establish it as a fur-trading center , he sailed around and charted most of the coast of Nova Scotia, the coast to Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard and Rhode Island – helped found a colony in Port Royal, Nova Scotia

3 Types of Colonies Trading Posts – Did not encourage immigrants to settle – Only wanted trade – French in Canada and Dutch in Manhattan Plantations – Based on slave labor Settler Colonies – Whole families of immigrants – English

The Big Three Colonies Jamestown - Trade – 1067: first permanent English colony in the New World – The colony was set up for trade of raw materials Profitable cash crop: Tobacco – Captain John Smith to the rescue! Plymouth – Religious Freedom – Settled by Pilgrims- separatists from the Church of England Massachusetts Bay Colony – Religious Freedom – The Puritans separate from the Church of England

Economics in the North American Colonies GOLD! Export driven economy Fur Trade – French explored unmapped mountains, forests, and streams. – Fur made lots of $$$$$$$ when sold in Europe to wealthy women Cash Crop Plantations – In the South – Led to the Slave Trade – Chief export- Tobacco

Politics of the North American Colonies GLORY! French, Spanish and English scramble for territory. (More territory equals more power.) – The French colonize in modern day Canada and along the Mississippi. – The English colonize along the east coast. – The Spanish colonize Florida. The colonies soon found themselves without representation in government. – Turn and Talk- Why is this a big deal?

Culture in the North American Colonies GOD! Religion – Puritans settled in New England – Left England to separate themselves from the Church of England to purify the religion Turn and Talk- There was no unified culture when the North American colonies were established. Why do you think that is?