熱帶雨林

Precipitation 降水 High Mainly in the form of rain More than 2000mm per annum Evenly distributed throughout the year

Angle of insolation is large Annual temperature is high, °C Favour the evapotranspiration Condensation is active. Cumulonimbus clouds when condensation takes place The clouds is too heavy to hold the moisture and it changes to water droplets.

Condensation 凝結 High Because of high precipitation High solar energy Evapotranspiration is high Condensation takes place

Evapotranspiration High Wet air+ high annual insolation+ dense vegetation

Interception High High precipitation Dense vegetation (because of high temperature + high precipitation)

Throughfall 貫穿降水 High High precipitation Dense vegetation (because of high temperature + high precipitation)

Stemflow 莖流 High High precipitation Dense vegetation (because of high temperature + high precipitation)

Stemlow

Surface runoff / Overland flow 地表流 High High precipitation Low infiltration

Infiltration, Percolation and Throughflow 下滲 / 滲透 / 表層流 High Dense vegetation 與剛才所說是否矛盾？

Surface runoff / Overland flow 地表流 Surface runoff/ Overland flow Normally low ( undistributed natural rain forest ) Dense vegetation increases the infiltration rate but reduces the surface runoff

Vegetation storage 植物儲存 High High precipitation Dense vegetation cover

Channel Flow 河道徑流 High High precipitation High surface runoff Channel flow is high

Evapotranspiration High Wet air+ high annual insolation+ dense vegetation

Infiltration, Percolation and Throughflow 下滲 / 滲透 / 表層流 High Dense vegetation increase infiltration, percolation and throughflow High precipitation(mainly in the form of rain)

Uptake by plants high Dense vegetation+much soil moisture

Groundwater and baseflow High High temperature High infiltration+percolation

Groundwater and baseflow High High ppt. and dense vegetation Lead to high infiltration This finally increases groundwater and baseflow