Class Notes:

What is Imperialism? Domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural (social) life of another country or region. Domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural (social) life of another country or region. In other words, you have a stronger nation that will take control of a weaker nation, usually to benefit the stronger nation at the expense of the weaker one In other words, you have a stronger nation that will take control of a weaker nation, usually to benefit the stronger nation at the expense of the weaker one

Old Imperialism ( ) AKA “The Age of Exploration” AKA “The Age of Exploration” Motives were: The 3 “G’s” - Gold, Glory and God Motives were: The 3 “G’s” - Gold, Glory and God

New Imperialism ( ) With the Industrial Revolution, Western nations gained extraordinary power and they began to carve out empires around the globe and by 1914 they dominated other peoples and brought distant lands under their control. With the Industrial Revolution, Western nations gained extraordinary power and they began to carve out empires around the globe and by 1914 they dominated other peoples and brought distant lands under their control.

Motives for New Imperialism Economic Economic  the desire to make money, acquire raw materials and labor; expand and control foreign trade; new markets for goods Exploratory Exploratory  explore the unknown; conduct scientific and medical research; go on an adventure Political Political  nations desired to gain power; compete with other nations; expand territory; strengthen military; boost national pride (nationalism) Religious Religious  spread Christianity; educate people of other cultures Ideological Ideological  the belief that the white culture was superior and other cultures were primitive; Europeans duty to “civilize” other people (White Man’s Burden)

The Scramble for Territory in Africa European colonial powers got caught up in a competitive race to claim as much territory in Africa as they could European colonial powers got caught up in a competitive race to claim as much territory in Africa as they could Britain, followed by France had a head start in this race as they had been traditional imperial powers and had more of the means needed to colonize other countries; such as strong armed forces, economies, well- organized governments, superior forms of technology and medicine Britain, followed by France had a head start in this race as they had been traditional imperial powers and had more of the means needed to colonize other countries; such as strong armed forces, economies, well- organized governments, superior forms of technology and medicine Other European powers like, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Germany, Belgium had to try to catch up. Other European powers like, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Germany, Belgium had to try to catch up. By 1900, all of Africa, except for Ethiopia and Liberia would be claimed by a European power. By 1900, all of Africa, except for Ethiopia and Liberia would be claimed by a European power.

Reasons why Western Imperialism Succeeded… Western European nations were growing stronger in the 1800s whereas older civilizations were in decline Western European nations were growing stronger in the 1800s whereas older civilizations were in decline European nations had strong economies, well- organized governments, powerful armies and navies European nations had strong economies, well- organized governments, powerful armies and navies European nations had more advanced technology and better medicine / scientific methods European nations had more advanced technology and better medicine / scientific methods

What is this picture? What do you see being depicted in the image? Look back at the motives for new imperialism. Which of those are being represented here?