Ch 29 Wilson’s Reforms

Bull Moose Party By 1912, the Progressive faction of the Republican Party had grown tired of Taft. Wanting to continue the Progressive reforms, they create a third party centered around T.R.

Election of 1912 Four Candidates: Roosevelt, Taft, Debs, Woodrow Wilson Wilson wins election easily. First Southerner since Zachary Taylor

Triple Wall of Privilege Wilson’s inaugural address outlined his plan for his term. Tariffs Banking Trusts

Tariff Reduction Wilson called a special session of Congress in order to lower the tariff. Underwood Tariff (1913)- First lowering of the tariff in over 50 years. To compensate for the lost revenue, Income Tax raised from 1 to 6 percent.

Banking Reform Wilson feels that the gold standard makes banking too inflexible. Wants paper money and a public national bank Federal Reserve Act(1914)- 12 district banks supervised by the Federal Reserve Board.

Business Regulations Clayton Antitrust Act- Strengthens the provisions of the Sherman Antitrust Act. Exempts Unions from being included. Federal Trade Commission- Regulates and monitors “unfair Trade practice” in all industries except banking and transportation

African- American Progressivism Booker T Washington: Accommodationist, emphasis on Economics W.E.B. Du Bois: Immediate Equal Rights These two approaches framed the Civil Rights Movement of the 20th Century

Urban Migration : About a million African- Americans leave the South to find jobs in northern cities. Reasons: 1) deteriorating race relations 2) destruction of cotton crops by the boll weevil 3) factory jobs

Civil Rights Organizations Niagara Movement: WEB Dubois organizes a conference of black intellectuals in Niagara Falls. Protest plans for Civil Rights NAACP- founded in 1908, Abolish all forms of segregation and to increase educational opportunities. 100,000 members by 1920 National Urban League: 1911, “Not Alms But Opportunity”

Women’s Suffrage Carrie Chapman Catt- Argues the giving women the right to vote would allow women to improve their abilities to raise a family. National American Woman Suffrage Association: First started to achieve suffrage at the state level. Changed approach to seek a constitutional amendment.

Suffrage continued Militant Suffragists: Alice Paul starts National Women’s Party. Parades, Pickets, Hunger Strikes Nineteenth Amendment- With women’s actions during WWI, Congress finally approved 19th amendment in 1920.

Effects of the Progressives Political: Party Primaries, Split Republican Party, Votes for Women Social: Laws protecting workers, Social Work, Beginning the Civil Rights Movements Economic: Conservation, Regulation of Business, Federal Income Tax, Reformed Banking, Lower Tariffs

SHAQ 1 A. What is this cartoon’s opinion of the U.S.A.’s expansion and growth? B. Why does the U.S. A. want to expand to new territory? C. What are the problems with expanding to new territory

SHAQ 2 A. Explain what makes a bad trust for Theodore Roosevelt. B. How did Roosevelt go after these bad Trusts? C. Why is Roosevelt depicted as a hunter?