Federal, State, and Local Governments Acting Together

Published: May 9, 1754 Pennsylvania Gazette What does this political cartoon represent?

The federal, or national, government only has limited powers. –We call these enumerated or delegated powers. All other powers are reserved for the states. –As stated in the 10 th Amendment.

Federal law is supreme. –State laws are not above federal laws. –This was established by the Supremacy Clause in Article VI of the Constitution. “This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States… and all treaties made… under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law od the land; and the judges in every state shall be bound thereby…”

Some powers are shared by both federal and state governments. –These are known as concurrent powers.

Federal Government ENUMERATED Create money Regulate interstate commerce Declare war; raise, maintain, and command the military of the U.S. Make naturalization rules State Government RESERVED Regulate elections Establish local governments Establish/maintain state militia Provide for the health, safety, and education of citizens Federal & State (Shared) CONCURRENT Taxes Borrow money Legislate/enforce laws Create and maintain court systems

Current state constitution was adopted in Florida Constitution: –Preamble –Articles 1-12 Very similar to the U.S. Constitution.

Article One of the Florida Constitution is called the Declaration of Rights. This is very similar to the U.S. Bill of Rights.

Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly Right to bear arms, due process, be secure against unreasonable search and seizure, bail, an attorney, and a speedy and public trial by jury No ex post facto laws Guarantee of habeas corpus Protection against double jeopardy, self- incrimination, and cruel or unusual punishment

Branches of Government

Florida Senate has 40 members who serve 4-year terms. Florida House of Representatives has 120 members who serve 2-year terms. Members of both houses can serve no more than 8 years. Both meet in the Florida State Capitol in Tallahassee. The legislature’s session meets for 60-day regular sessions every year from March through May. The Florida Legislature often meets in special sessions for a specific reason such as working on the budget. The members of both houses participate in committees that meet throughout the year.

Florida Senatorial Districts

State Representative District

The executive branch of Florida includes the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, and Cabinet (which includes the Attorney General, Commissioner of Agriculture, and Chief Financial Officer). All of these are elected offices. Each office is limited to two four-year terms. (take place in even number years NOT divisible by 4) The Governor is required to give a “State of the State” address each year to the Florida Legislature. The 45th Governor of Florida is Rick Scott, who was elected in 2010 and re-elected in 2014.

Gubernatorial duties: –Commander-in-chief of state military –Ensure that laws are executed –Command all officers of the state and counties –Chief administrative officer: plan/budget for state Lieutenant Governor: –Performs duties assigned by governor –Takes over if governor is unable to serve Cabinet (elected by the people of the state): –Chief Financial Officer –Attorney General –Commissioner of Agriculture and Consumer Services

The Chief Justice of the Florida Supreme Court is the head of the Florida court system. Florida’s state court system consists of the following: –Florida Supreme Court: highest state court. There are seven justices. –Five District Courts of Appeal throughout the state: hear appeals from the lower courts. –20 circuit courts: supervise the county courts, hold trials for major civil and criminal cases; judges elected by the people. –67 county courts: hold trials for minor criminal and civil cases.

Who is head of Florida’s executive branch? GOVERNOR (RICK SCOTT)

State senators serve ___-year terms. 4

State representatives serve ___-year terms. 2

Aside from the governor, what other officers are in the state’s executive branch? Lt. Governor Cabinet: Chief Financial Officer, Attorney General, & Commissioner of Agriculture and Consumer Services

There are ___ justices on the Florida Supreme Court. 7

What is the order of Florida’s state courts? (top to bottom) Supreme Court District Courts of Appeal Circuit Courts County Courts

Who chooses the circuit court judges? THE PEOPLE