Aim: Why is a healthy diet important?

How do we know how much energy is in a nutrient? Calories: energy stored in food How many calories should you eat a day? Active Teenagers: Males – 2,500 Calories Females- 2,200 Calories

Calorie A unit used to measure the energy content of food (nutrients). More specifically, a calorie is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius. The Calorie that is used on nutritional labels is actually 1000 of these scientific calories. In general, the more calories a food product contains, the more energy it can release.

A: The size of a single serving & the # of servings in the container. B: The total Calories in one serving of food & how many Calories from fat. C: mg & g of nutrients as well as the percentage of the Daily Value in one serving. D: Percentage Daily Value for Vitamins & minerals.

E: Provides information on recommended daily nutrient intake for people who require 2,000 or 2,500 Calories per day. G: Lists the ingredients in the food, from the most abundant to the least.

Nutrients Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Substances in food that are needed for energy, growth and repair. Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Vitamins and Minerals Water ALL MUST BE PRESENT IN YOUR DIET !

Food Pyramid 10% 30% 60% Fats, oils, and sweets Milk, yogurt, and cheese Meat, poultry, and fish Vegetables Fruits 60% Bread and Grain

Carbohydrates STORAGE Main source of energy BLOOD LIVER STORAGE Main source of energy Ex. Bread, pasta, potatoes, rice Digested Carbs = glucose Fiber: found in fruits, vegetables and grains is a good source of ROUGHAGE. Fiber helps intestinal muscles to keep food and wastes moving along.

Fats (Lipids) Energy Source Provides the most energy per gram Needed for cell membranes, nervous system, insulation, and cushions organs. Types: Saturated & Unsaturated. FAT

Proteins Digested into amino acids. Used to make hormones and enzymes. Proteins can also be used build and repair body parts. Ex. Meat, eggs, beans, nuts.

Vitamins Vitamins and Minerals Vitamin D Nutrients the body needs in SMALL amounts. Organic molecules that aid in chemical reactions Ex: Vitamin A and Vitamin D Vitamins Vitamin D Coenzymes

hemoglobin Minerals Inorganic substances required for the body to function normally. Ex: Iron and calcium

Water The most important of all nutrients Why is water the most important nutrient when it has NO nutritional value and provides NO energy? Because all of the body processes and chemical reactions take place in water. Over half of your body weight is water. Women 50% Men 60%