Conflict Over States’ Rights Sates in the Northeast, South, and West argued over 3 major economic issues: the sale of public lands, internal improvements, and tariffs. 1829

The sale of public lands People in the West wanted it sold cheap so that more people would move there. People in the Northeast did not want this because it would attract people to move and they needed them to work in the factories. The federal government wanted to sell land in the west to raise money.

Internal improvements The South was against this because tariffs were put on imported goods to pay for the improvements. The West and Northeast supported internal improvements such as roads and canals. This would make it easier for these regions to get food and goods.

Tariffs The Northeast supported tariffs because less people bought imported goods and more people bought goods from factories in the Northeast. The South opposed this because its economy depended on foreign trade. Southern planters sold most cotton to foreign buyers.

The South named one tariff that raised prices on raw materials “The Tariff of Abominations” because they hated it so much. Doctrine of Nullification - John C. Calhoun wrote the Doctrine of Nullification, saying that South Carolina had the right to nullify, or reject, any federal law that was deemed unconstitutional. He believed congress had no right to pass a tariff that favored on part of the country

1830 States’ Rights Debates Daniel Webster, Massachusetts Robert Hayne, South Carolina Hayne said nullification was important and gave states’ freedom. Webster said that freedom and the Union go hand in hand. V.

1832 South Carolina Threatens to Secede Jackson did not agree with nullification, but asked congress to reduce the tariffs so South Carolina would not secede, or withdraw, from the union.

Biddle’s Bank The Second Bank of the United States

1836 Martin Van Buren The popularity of Jackson helped his Vice President Van Buren to be elected president in 1836.

1837 The Panic of 1837 People began to panic over the state of the economy. Banks went out of business; a depression, or severe economic slump, followed. Effects of the depression : jobless, no money, manufacturers had no one to buy goods, people lived in shelters and in the streets.

1840 Whig Party Americans blamed Van Buren for the “Panic” even though he had only taken office 3 weeks before. …This made it impossible to win the 1840 election. In 1840, they chose William Henry Harrison. Unfortunately, he died one month after being inaugurated and his VP John Tyler took over. Faced a new party created by Clay, Webster, and other Jackson opponents: Opposed the concentration of power in the chief executive.