1 What does the picture tell you about geography, society and economics in the New England colonies? Write your answer in your ISN! Title the page the New England Colonies Warm-Up.

2 Umbrella Question- 1 st English Colonies Describe the precedents set by the early governments established in the Jamestown and Plymouth colonies. Then, explain their long-term effects on the United States. Copy this Umbrella Question on Page 19 of your ISN.

3 Umbrella Question- 1 st English Colonies Compare and Contrast the geographic, economic, political and social factors in the creation of the New England, Middle and Southern Colonies. Copy this question into your binder. Essay exam is next FRIDAY!

The New England Colonies

Plymouth (Massachusetts/MA) Founded in 1620 by the Pilgrims Seeking religious freedom, led by William Bradford Signed Mayflower Compact to set up government and laws “for the good of the colony”, set up self-government and elected representatives.

William Bradford

Massachusetts Bay (Massachusetts/MA) Founded in 1630 by Puritans (English Protestants) Seeking religious freedom, led by John Winthrop (Evil and declining times) Set up group of representatives called the General Court and the largest town was Boston Male church members ONLY

John Winthrop Boston Statehouse (1657) The Declaration of Independence was first read from its balcony.

Boston Statehouse (mid 1900s) Boston Statehouse (Present)

Connecticut (CT) Founded in 1636 by Puritans Founded for religious and political freedom from Massachusetts Bay Colony, run by male church members Set up the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut- expanded the idea of representative government All male property owners could vote Limited the power of the Governor

Thomas Hooker, a Puritan minister from the Massachusetts Bay Colony, founded Connecticut because he believed Massachusetts Bay had too much power. Set strict limitations on government.

Rhode Island (RI) Founded in 1636 by Roger Williams Founded for religious and political freedom from Massachusetts Bay Colony, run by male church members Promoted religious tolerance, allowing all faiths (Protestant, Jews and Catholics) to practice freely, and Anne Hutchinson became an important symbol in struggle for religious freedom

Sabbath preaching in Plymouth, MA. Anne Hutchinson held meetings in her home to discuss sermons. Roger Williams founded Rhode Island. Anne Hutchinson became a symbol for the struggle for religious freedom.

New Hampshire (NH) Founded in 1638 by John Wheelwright Founded for economic reasons- trading and fishing

Life in New England Towns and Villages Society: At the center of each town/ village was the common (an open field) and meetinghouse, to hold services and meetings Religion and Family: Sabbath was only for all day church services. Very religious! Politics/Government: Town meetings were for settlers to speak out and encouraged the growth of democratic ideas in New England.

Life in New England Towns and Villages Economy/Geography: Rocky soil is poor for farming, but forests plentiful, full of animals for hunting and trees for building. Shipbuilding grew out of Boston (MA) and Portsmouth (NH), leading to fishing and whaling. Education: 1 st mandatory Public Schools Decline of Puritans: During 1700s, fewer families came from England for religious reasons and ministers had less influence on how the colonies were governed.

Three types of government in the thirteen English colonies Royal colonies Proprietary colonies Rhode Island and Connecticut 18

Royal colony Governor: appointed by England’s king Upper house: advisors appointed by the royal governor Lower house: an assembly of representatives who made the laws and decided how to raise taxes 19

Proprietary colony The king gave colonial lands to a proprietor (someone who owns the colony) The proprietor appointed the governor Upper house: advisors appointed by the governor Lower house: an assembly of representatives who made the laws and decided how to raise taxes 20

Rhode Island and Connecticut Colonists elected the governor Upper house: the governor appointed advisors Lower house: an assembly of representatives who made the laws and decided how to raise taxes 21

Who could vote in the English colonies? By the 1720s, voting was restricted to white Christian men over the age of 21 who owned property. In addition, some colonies restricted voting to Protestant men or men who were members of a particular church (for instance, the Puritans). 22

ColonyYear Founded by/leader Reason Plymouth, MA 1620 Pilgrims/John Bradford Religious freedom Massachusetts Bay, MA 1630 Puritans/John Winthrop Religious freedom Connecticut 1636Puritans Religious and political freedom Rhode Island 1636 Roger Williams Religious and political freedom New Hampshire 1638 John Wheelright Economical trading/fishing